Merge remote-tracking branch 'dspace/master' into w2p-68607_add-link-to-parent-community

.travis.yml

@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ env:
   - MAVEN_OPTS=-Xmx1024M
 
 jdk:
-  # DS-3384 Oracle JDK 8 has DocLint enabled by default.
+  # DS-3384 Oracle JDK has DocLint enabled by default.
   # Let's use this to catch any newly introduced DocLint issues.
-  - oraclejdk8
+  - oraclejdk11
 
 ## Should we run into any problems with oraclejdk8 on Travis, we may try the following workaround.
 ## https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages/java#Testing-Against-Multiple-JDKs
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ jdk:
 #    packages:
 #      - oracle-java8-installer
 
-# Install prerequisites for building Mirage2 more rapidly
 before_install:
   # Remove outdated settings.xml from Travis builds. Workaround for https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/4629
   - rm ~/.m2/settings.xml

Dockerfile

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 # This image will be published as dspace/dspace
-# See https://dspace-labs.github.io/DSpace-Docker-Images/ for usage details
+# See https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/tree/master/dspace/src/main/docker for usage details
 #
-# This version is JDK8 compatible
+# This version is JDK11 compatible
-# - tomcat:8-jre8
+# - tomcat:8-jdk11
 # - ANT 1.10.7
-# - maven:3-jdk-8
+# - maven:3-jdk-11 (see dspace-dependencies)
-# - note:
+# - note: default tag for branch: dspace/dspace: dspace/dspace:dspace-7_x
-# - default tag for branch: dspace/dspace: dspace/dspace:dspace-7_x-jdk8
 
 # Step 1 - Run Maven Build
 FROM dspace/dspace-dependencies:dspace-7_x as build
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ RUN mvn package && \
   mvn clean
 
 # Step 2 - Run Ant Deploy
-FROM tomcat:8-jre8 as ant_build
+FROM tomcat:8-jdk11 as ant_build
 ARG TARGET_DIR=dspace-installer
 COPY --from=build /install /dspace-src
 WORKDIR /dspace-src
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ RUN ant init_installation update_configs update_code update_webapps
 
 # Step 3 - Run tomcat
 # Create a new tomcat image that does not retain the the build directory contents
-FROM tomcat:8-jre8
+FROM tomcat:8-jdk11
 ENV DSPACE_INSTALL=/dspace
 COPY --from=ant_build /dspace $DSPACE_INSTALL
 EXPOSE 8080 8009

Dockerfile.cli

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 # This image will be published as dspace/dspace-cli
-# See https://dspace-labs.github.io/DSpace-Docker-Images/ for usage details
+# See https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/tree/master/dspace/src/main/docker for usage details
 #
-# This version is JDK8 compatible
+# This version is JDK11 compatible
-# - openjdk:8-jdk
+# - openjdk:11
 # - ANT 1.10.7
-# - maven:3-jdk-8
+# - maven:3-jdk-11 (see dspace-dependencies)
-# - note:
+# - note: default tag for branch: dspace/dspace-cli: dspace/dspace-cli:dspace-7_x
-# - default tag for branch: dspace/dspace-cli: dspace/dspace-cli:dspace-7_x
 
 # Step 1 - Run Maven Build
 FROM dspace/dspace-dependencies:dspace-7_x as build
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ RUN mvn package -P'!dspace-rest' && \
   mvn clean
 
 # Step 2 - Run Ant Deploy
-FROM openjdk:8-jdk as ant_build
+FROM openjdk:11 as ant_build
 ARG TARGET_DIR=dspace-installer
 COPY --from=build /install /dspace-src
 WORKDIR /dspace-src
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ RUN ant init_installation update_configs update_code
 
 # Step 3 - Run jdk
 # Create a new tomcat image that does not retain the the build directory contents
-FROM openjdk:8-jdk
+FROM openjdk:11
 ENV DSPACE_INSTALL=/dspace
 COPY --from=ant_build /dspace $DSPACE_INSTALL
 

Dockerfile.dependencies

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 # This image will be published as dspace/dspace-dependencies
 # The purpose of this image is to make the build for dspace/dspace run faster
+#
+# This version is JDK11 compatible
+# - maven:3-jdk-11
 
 # Step 1 - Run Maven Build
-FROM maven:3-jdk-8 as build
+FROM maven:3-jdk-11 as build
 ARG TARGET_DIR=dspace-installer
 WORKDIR /app
 
@@ -16,9 +19,9 @@ ADD --chown=dspace . /app/
 COPY dspace/src/main/docker/local.cfg /app/local.cfg
 
 # Trigger the installation of all maven dependencies
-# Clean up the built artifacts in the same step to keep the docker image small
+RUN mvn package
-RUN mvn package && mvn clean
 
-# Clear the contents of the /app directory so no artifacts are left when dspace:dspace is built
+# Clear the contents of the /app directory (including all maven builds), so no artifacts remain.
+# This ensures when dspace:dspace is built, it will just the Maven local cache (.m2) for dependencies
 USER root
 RUN rm -rf /app/*

Dockerfile.test

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 # This image will be published as dspace/dspace
-# See https://dspace-labs.github.io/DSpace-Docker-Images/ for usage details
+# See https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/tree/master/dspace/src/main/docker for usage details
 #
-# This version is JDK8 compatible
+# This version is JDK11 compatible
-# - tomcat:8-jre8
+# - tomcat:8-jdk11
 # - ANT 1.10.7
-# - maven:3-jdk-8
+# - maven:3-jdk-11 (see dspace-dependencies)
-# - note:
+# - note: default tag for branch: dspace/dspace: dspace/dspace:dspace-7_x-test
-# - default tag for branch: dspace/dspace: dspace/dspace:dspace-7_x-jdk8-test
+#
+# This image is meant for TESTING/DEVELOPMENT ONLY as it deploys the old v6 REST API under HTTP (not HTTPS)
 
 # Step 1 - Run Maven Build
 FROM dspace/dspace-dependencies:dspace-7_x as build
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ RUN mvn package && \
   mvn clean
 
 # Step 2 - Run Ant Deploy
-FROM tomcat:8-jre8 as ant_build
+FROM tomcat:8-jdk11 as ant_build
 ARG TARGET_DIR=dspace-installer
 COPY --from=build /install /dspace-src
 WORKDIR /dspace-src
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ RUN ant init_installation update_configs update_code update_webapps
 
 # Step 3 - Run tomcat
 # Create a new tomcat image that does not retain the the build directory contents
-FROM tomcat:8-jre8
+FROM tomcat:8-jdk11
 ENV DSPACE_INSTALL=/dspace
 COPY --from=ant_build /dspace $DSPACE_INSTALL
 EXPOSE 8080 8009

docker-compose-cli.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ services:
     container_name: dspace-cli
     build:
       context: .
-      dockerfile: Dockerfile.cli.jdk8
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile.cli
     #environment:
     volumes:
     - ./dspace/src/main/docker-compose/local.cfg:/dspace/config/local.cfg

docker-compose.yml

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ networks:
 services:
   dspace:
     container_name: dspace
-    image: "${DOCKER_OWNER:-dspace}/dspace:${DSPACE_VER:-dspace-7_x-jdk8-test}"
+    image: "${DOCKER_OWNER:-dspace}/dspace:${DSPACE_VER:-dspace-7_x-test}"
     build:
       context: .
-      dockerfile: Dockerfile.jdk8-test
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile.test
     depends_on:
     - dspacedb
     networks:

dspace-api/pom.xml

@@ -50,10 +50,33 @@
                 <configuration>
                     <debug>true</debug>
                     <showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation>
-                    <compilerArguments>
+                    <annotationProcessorPaths>
-                        <processor>org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.JPAMetaModelEntityProcessor</processor>
+                        <!-- Enable Hibernate's Metamodel Generator to generate metadata model classes
-                    </compilerArguments>
+                             (ending in _ suffix) for more type-safe Criteria queries -->
-
+                        <path>
+                            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>hibernate-jpamodelgen</artifactId>
+                            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
+                        </path>
+                        <!-- Enable JAXB -->
+                        <path>
+                            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
+                            <version>${jaxb-api.version}</version>
+                        </path>
+                        <!-- Enable Commons Annotations -->
+                        <path>
+                            <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
+                            <version>${javax-annotation.version}</version>
+                        </path>
+                        <!-- Enable http://errorprone.info -->
+                        <path>
+                            <groupId>com.google.errorprone</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>error_prone_core</artifactId>
+                            <version>${errorprone.version}</version>
+                        </path>
+                    </annotationProcessorPaths>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
@@ -93,7 +116,7 @@
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                 <artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>1.9.1</version>
+                <version>3.0.0</version>
                 <executions>
                     <execution>
                         <phase>validate</phase>
@@ -161,7 +184,6 @@
                          install of DSpace, against which Tests can be run. -->
                     <plugin>
                         <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
-                        <version>2.8</version>
                         <configuration>
                             <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/testing</outputDirectory>
                             <artifactItems>
@@ -196,7 +218,7 @@
                          (see: http://gmaven.codehaus.org/Executing+Groovy+Code )
                          We are generating a OS-agnostic version (agnostic.build.dir) of
                          the ${project.build.directory} property (full path of target dir).
-                         This is needed by the FileWeaver & Surefire plugins (see below)
+                         This is needed by the Surefire & Failsafe plugins (see below)
                          to initialize the Unit Test environment's dspace.cfg file.
                          Otherwise, the Unit Test Framework will not work on Windows OS.
                          This Groovy code was mostly borrowed from:
@@ -205,19 +227,17 @@
                     <plugin>
                         <groupId>org.codehaus.gmaven</groupId>
                         <artifactId>groovy-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                        <version>2.0</version>
                         <executions>
                             <execution>
                                 <id>setproperty</id>
-                                <phase>generate-test-resources
+                                <phase>initialize</phase>
-                                </phase> <!-- XXX I think this should be 'initialize' - MHW -->
                                 <goals>
                                     <goal>execute</goal>
                                 </goals>
                                 <configuration>
                                     <source>
                                         project.properties['agnostic.build.dir'] = project.build.directory.replace(File.separator, '/');
-                                        println("Initializing Maven property 'agnostic.build.dir' to: " + project.properties['agnostic.build.dir']);
+                                        log.info("Initializing Maven property 'agnostic.build.dir' to: {}", project.properties['agnostic.build.dir']);
                                     </source>
                                 </configuration>
                             </execution>
@@ -230,6 +250,7 @@
                         <configuration>
                             <systemPropertyVariables>
                                 <!-- Specify the dspace.dir to use for test environment -->
+                                <!-- ${agnostic.build.dir} is set dynamically by groovy-maven-plugin above -->
                                 <!-- This system property is loaded by AbstractDSpaceTest to initialize the test environment -->
                                 <dspace.dir>${agnostic.build.dir}/testing/dspace/</dspace.dir>
                                 <!-- Turn off any DSpace logging -->
@@ -238,51 +259,13 @@
                         </configuration>
                     </plugin>
 
-
-                    <plugin>
-                        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
-                        <artifactId>xml-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                        <version>1.0.1</version>
-                        <executions>
-                            <execution>
-                                <id>validate-ALL-xml-and-xsl</id>
-                                <phase>process-test-resources</phase>
-                                <goals>
-                                    <goal>validate</goal>
-                                </goals>
-                            </execution>
-                        </executions>
-                        <configuration>
-                            <validationSets>
-                                <!-- validate ALL XML and XSL config files in the testing folder -->
-                                <validationSet>
-                                    <dir>${agnostic.build.dir}/testing</dir>
-                                    <includes>
-                                        <include>**/*.xml</include>
-                                        <include>**/*.xsl</include>
-                                        <include>**/*.xconf</include>
-                                    </includes>
-                                </validationSet>
-                                <!-- validate ALL XML and XSL files throughout the project -->
-                                <validationSet>
-                                    <dir>${root.basedir}</dir>
-                                    <includes>
-                                        <include>**/*.xml</include>
-                                        <include>**/*.xsl</include>
-                                        <include>**/*.xmap</include>
-                                    </includes>
-                                </validationSet>
-                            </validationSets>
-                        </configuration>
-                    </plugin>
-
-
                     <!-- Run Integration Testing! This plugin just kicks off the tests (when enabled). -->
                     <plugin>
                         <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
                         <configuration>
                             <systemPropertyVariables>
                                 <!-- Specify the dspace.dir to use for test environment -->
+                                <!-- ${agnostic.build.dir} is set dynamically by groovy-maven-plugin above -->
                                 <dspace.dir>${agnostic.build.dir}/testing/dspace/</dspace.dir>
                                 <!-- Turn off any DSpace logging -->
                                 <dspace.log.init.disable>true</dspace.log.init.disable>
@@ -456,11 +439,6 @@
             <groupId>org.dspace</groupId>
             <artifactId>dspace-services</artifactId>
         </dependency>
-        <dependency> <!-- Keep jmockit before junit -->
-            <groupId>org.jmockit</groupId>
-            <artifactId>jmockit</artifactId>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>junit</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
@@ -481,7 +459,11 @@
             <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
-
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.rometools</groupId>
             <artifactId>rome-modules</artifactId>
@@ -609,19 +591,44 @@
             <type>jar</type>
         </dependency>
 
+        <!-- JAXB API and implementation (no longer bundled as of Java 11) -->
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <!-- Apache Axiom -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.ws.commons.axiom</groupId>
             <artifactId>axiom-impl</artifactId>
-            <!-- NOTE: SWORDv2 needs 1.2.14, required by Abdera: https://abdera.apache.org/ -->
+            <version>${axiom.version}</version>
-            <version>1.2.14</version>
+            <exclusions>
+                <!-- Exclude Geronimo as it is NOT necessary when using javax.activation (which we use)
+                     See: https://ws.apache.org/axiom/userguide/ch04.html#d0e732 -->
+                <exclusion>
+                    <groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>*</artifactId>
+                </exclusion>
+            </exclusions>
         </dependency>
-
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.ws.commons.axiom</groupId>
             <artifactId>axiom-api</artifactId>
-            <!-- NOTE: SWORDv2 needs 1.2.14, required by Abdera: https://abdera.apache.org/ -->
+            <version>${axiom.version}</version>
-            <version>1.2.14</version>
+            <exclusions>
+                <!-- Exclude Geronimo as it is NOT necessary when using javax.activation (which we use)
+                     See: https://ws.apache.org/axiom/userguide/ch04.html#d0e732 -->
+                <exclusion>
+                    <groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>*</artifactId>
+                </exclusion>
+            </exclusions>
         </dependency>
+
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
             <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
@@ -664,7 +671,7 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.xmlunit</groupId>
             <artifactId>xmlunit-matchers</artifactId>
-            <version>2.6.2</version>
+            <version>2.6.3</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
 
@@ -674,6 +681,12 @@
             <version>1.0.0.Final</version>
         </dependency>
 
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.bcel</groupId>
+            <artifactId>bcel</artifactId>
+            <version>6.4.0</version>
+        </dependency>
+
     </dependencies>
 
 </project>

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/administer/StructBuilder.java

@@ -212,6 +212,8 @@ public class StructBuilder {
             }
 
             importStructure(context, inputStream, outputStream);
+            // save changes from import
+            context.complete();
         }
         System.exit(0);
     }
@@ -304,8 +306,6 @@ public class StructBuilder {
                     output, e.getMessage());
             System.exit(1);
         }
-
-        context.complete();
     }
 
     /**

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/itemexport/ItemExportServiceImpl.java

@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ public class ItemExportServiceImpl implements ItemExportService {
             Locale supportedLocale = I18nUtil.getEPersonLocale(eperson);
             Email email = Email.getEmail(I18nUtil.getEmailFilename(supportedLocale, "export_success"));
             email.addRecipient(eperson.getEmail());
-            email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url") + "/exportdownload/" + fileName);
+            email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url") + "/exportdownload/" + fileName);
             email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("org.dspace.app.itemexport.life.span.hours"));
 
             email.send();
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ public class ItemExportServiceImpl implements ItemExportService {
             Email email = Email.getEmail(I18nUtil.getEmailFilename(supportedLocale, "export_error"));
             email.addRecipient(eperson.getEmail());
             email.addArgument(error);
-            email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url") + "/feedback");
+            email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url") + "/feedback");
 
             email.send();
         } catch (Exception e) {

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/itemimport/ItemImportServiceImpl.java

@@ -1797,7 +1797,7 @@ public class ItemImportServiceImpl implements ItemImportService, InitializingBea
             Email email = Email.getEmail(I18nUtil.getEmailFilename(supportedLocale, "bte_batch_import_error"));
             email.addRecipient(eperson.getEmail());
             email.addArgument(error);
-            email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url") + "/feedback");
+            email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url") + "/feedback");
 
             email.send();
         } catch (Exception e) {

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/sitemap/GenerateSitemaps.java

@@ -152,11 +152,11 @@ public class GenerateSitemaps {
      */
     public static void generateSitemaps(boolean makeHTMLMap,
                                         boolean makeSitemapOrg) throws SQLException, IOException {
-        String sitemapStem = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url")
+        String sitemapStem = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
             + "/sitemap";
-        String htmlMapStem = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url")
+        String htmlMapStem = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
             + "/htmlmap";
-        String handleURLStem = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url")
+        String handleURLStem = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
             + "/handle/";
 
         File outputDir = new File(configurationService.getProperty("sitemap.dir"));
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ public class GenerateSitemaps {
                 .getProperty("http.proxy.port"));
         }
 
-        String sitemapURL = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url")
+        String sitemapURL = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
             + "/sitemap";
 
         URL url = new URL(engineURL + URLEncoder.encode(sitemapURL, "UTF-8"));

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/statistics/LogAnalyser.java

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 import org.dspace.core.ConfigurationManager;
 import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.dspace.core.LogManager;
+import org.dspace.core.Utils;
 import org.dspace.discovery.DiscoverQuery;
 import org.dspace.discovery.SearchServiceException;
 import org.dspace.discovery.SearchUtils;
@@ -581,9 +582,9 @@ public class LogAnalyser {
         }
 
         // now do the host name and url lookup
-        hostName = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.hostname").trim();
+        hostName = Utils.getHostName(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
         name = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.name").trim();
-        url = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url").trim();
+        url = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url").trim();
         if ((url != null) && (!url.endsWith("/"))) {
             url = url + "/";
         }

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/statistics/Stat.java

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ package org.dspace.app.statistics;
  *
  * @author Richard Jones
  */
-public class Stat implements Comparable {
+public class Stat implements Comparable<Stat> {
     // FIXME: this class is functional but a bit messy, and should be neatened
     // up and completed
 
@@ -132,17 +132,17 @@ public class Stat implements Comparable {
 
 
     /**
-     * compare the current object to the given object returning -1 if o is less
+     * Compare the current Stat to the given Stat returning -1 if o is less
-     * than the current object, 0 if they are the same, and +1 if o is greater
+     * than the current Stat, 0 if they are the same, and +1 if o is greater
-     * than the current object.
+     * than the current Stat.
      *
-     * @param o the object to compare to the current one
+     * @param stat the Stat object to compare to the current one
      * @return +1, 0, -1 if o is less than, equal to, or greater than the
      * current object value.
      */
     @Override
-    public int compareTo(Object o) {
+    public int compareTo(Stat stat) {
-        int objectValue = ((Stat) o).getValue();
+        int objectValue = stat.getValue();
 
         if (objectValue < this.getValue()) {
             return -1;

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/util/AbstractDSpaceWebapp.java

@@ -50,16 +50,16 @@ abstract public class AbstractDSpaceWebapp
     /**
      * Construct a particular kind of DSpace application.
      *
-     * @param kind what kind of application is this?  (XMLUI, JSPUI, etc.)
+     * @param kind what kind of application is this?
      */
     public AbstractDSpaceWebapp(String kind) {
         this.kind = kind;
 
         started = new Date();
 
-        url = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url");
+        url = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url");
         if (null == url) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("dspace.url is undefined");
+            throw new IllegalStateException("dspace.ui.url is undefined");
         }
     }
 

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/util/AuthorizeUtil.java

@@ -34,12 +34,6 @@ import org.dspace.core.Context;
  */
 public class AuthorizeUtil {
 
-    private static final AuthorizeService authorizeService =
-        AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
-    private static final ItemService itemService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getItemService();
-    private static final CollectionService collectionService =
-        ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getCollectionService();
-
     /**
      * Default constructor
      */
@@ -95,8 +89,9 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeManageItemPolicy(Context context, Item item)
         throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         if (AuthorizeConfiguration.canItemAdminManagePolicies()) {
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.ADMIN);
+            AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService().authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.ADMIN);
         } else if (AuthorizeConfiguration.canCollectionAdminManageItemPolicies()) {
             authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, item
                 .getOwningCollection(), Constants.ADMIN);
@@ -124,6 +119,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeManageCollectionPolicy(Context context,
                                                        Collection collection) throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         if (AuthorizeConfiguration.canCollectionAdminManagePolicies()) {
             authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, collection,
                                              Constants.ADMIN);
@@ -151,6 +147,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeManageCommunityPolicy(Context context,
                                                       Community community) throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         if (AuthorizeConfiguration.canCommunityAdminManagePolicies()) {
             authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, community,
                                              Constants.ADMIN);
@@ -171,6 +168,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void requireAdminRole(Context context)
         throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         if (!authorizeService.isAdmin(context)) {
             throw new AuthorizeException(
                 "Only system admin are allowed to perform this action");
@@ -191,6 +189,8 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeManageCCLicense(Context context, Item item)
         throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
+        ItemService itemService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getItemService();
         try {
             authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.ADD);
             authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.REMOVE);
@@ -224,6 +224,8 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeManageTemplateItem(Context context,
                                                    Collection collection) throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
+        CollectionService collectionService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getCollectionService();
         boolean isAuthorized = collectionService.canEditBoolean(context, collection, false);
 
         if (!isAuthorized
@@ -258,6 +260,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeManageSubmittersGroup(Context context,
                                                       Collection collection) throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         if (AuthorizeConfiguration.canCollectionAdminManageSubmitters()) {
             authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, collection,
                                              Constants.ADMIN);
@@ -285,6 +288,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeManageWorkflowsGroup(Context context,
                                                      Collection collection) throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         if (AuthorizeConfiguration.canCollectionAdminManageWorkflows()) {
             authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, collection,
                                              Constants.ADMIN);
@@ -313,6 +317,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeManageAdminGroup(Context context,
                                                  Collection collection) throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         if (AuthorizeConfiguration.canCollectionAdminManageAdminGroup()) {
             authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, collection,
                                              Constants.ADMIN);
@@ -341,6 +346,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeRemoveAdminGroup(Context context,
                                                  Collection collection) throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         List<Community> parentCommunities = collection.getCommunities();
         if (AuthorizeConfiguration
             .canCommunityAdminManageCollectionAdminGroup()
@@ -368,6 +374,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeManageAdminGroup(Context context,
                                                  Community community) throws AuthorizeException, SQLException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         if (AuthorizeConfiguration.canCommunityAdminManageAdminGroup()) {
             authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, community,
                                              Constants.ADMIN);
@@ -392,6 +399,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeRemoveAdminGroup(Context context,
                                                  Community community) throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         List<Community> parentCommunities = community.getParentCommunities();
         Community parentCommunity = null;
         if (0 < parentCommunities.size()) {
@@ -458,6 +466,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
     public static void authorizeWithdrawItem(Context context, Item item)
         throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
         boolean authorized = false;
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         if (AuthorizeConfiguration.canCollectionAdminPerformItemWithdrawn()) {
             authorized = authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean(context, item
                 .getOwningCollection(), Constants.ADMIN);
@@ -492,6 +501,7 @@ public class AuthorizeUtil {
      */
     public static void authorizeReinstateItem(Context context, Item item)
         throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
+        AuthorizeService authorizeService = AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance().getAuthorizeService();
         List<Collection> colls = item.getCollections();
 
         for (Collection coll : colls) {

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/util/GoogleMetadata.java

@@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ public class GoogleMetadata {
             Bitstream bitstream = findLinkableFulltext(item);
             if (bitstream != null) {
                 StringBuilder path = new StringBuilder();
-                path.append(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url"));
+                path.append(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
 
                 if (item.getHandle() != null) {
                     path.append("/bitstream/");

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/util/OpenSearchServiceImpl.java

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class OpenSearchServiceImpl implements OpenSearchService {
      * Get base search service URL (websvc.opensearch.svccontext)
      */
     protected String getBaseSearchServiceURL() {
-        return configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url") + "/" +
+        return configurationService.getProperty("dspace.server.url") + "/" +
             configurationService.getProperty("websvc.opensearch.svccontext");
     }
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public class OpenSearchServiceImpl implements OpenSearchService {
      * Get base search UI URL (websvc.opensearch.uicontext)
      */
     protected String getBaseSearchUIURL() {
-        return configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url") + "/" +
+        return configurationService.getProperty("dspace.server.url") + "/" +
             configurationService.getProperty("websvc.opensearch.uicontext");
     }
 

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/util/SyndicationFeed.java

@@ -531,11 +531,9 @@ public class SyndicationFeed {
         if (dso == null) {
             if (baseURL == null) {
                 if (request == null) {
-                    baseURL = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url");
+                    baseURL = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url");
                 } else {
-                    baseURL = (request.isSecure()) ? "https://" : "http://";
+                    baseURL = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url");
-                    baseURL += ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.hostname");
-                    baseURL += ":" + request.getServerPort();
                     baseURL += request.getContextPath();
                 }
             }

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/app/util/Util.java

@@ -360,9 +360,13 @@ public class Util {
             InputStream cis = null;
             try {
                 cis = Util.class.getResourceAsStream("/META-INF/maven/org.dspace/dspace-api/pom.properties");
+                if (cis == null) {
+                    // pom.properties will not exist when running tests
+                    return "unknown";
+                }
                 constants.load(cis);
             } catch (Exception e) {
-                log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
+                log.error("Could not open dspace-api's pom.properties", e);
             } finally {
                 if (cis != null) {
                     try {

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/authority/PersonAuthorityValue.java

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
 
-import org.apache.commons.lang3.ObjectUtils;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocument;
 import org.apache.solr.common.SolrInputDocument;
@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ public class PersonAuthorityValue extends AuthorityValue {
     @Override
     public void setValues(SolrDocument document) {
         super.setValues(document);
-        this.firstName = ObjectUtils.toString(document.getFieldValue("first_name"));
+        this.firstName = Objects.toString(document.getFieldValue("first_name"), "");
-        this.lastName = ObjectUtils.toString(document.getFieldValue("last_name"));
+        this.lastName = Objects.toString(document.getFieldValue("last_name"), "");
         nameVariants = new ArrayList<String>();
         Collection<Object> document_name_variant = document.getFieldValues("name_variant");
         if (document_name_variant != null) {

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/authorize/ResourcePolicy.java

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 package org.dspace.authorize;
 
 import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
 import javax.persistence.Column;
 import javax.persistence.Entity;
@@ -23,7 +24,6 @@ import javax.persistence.Table;
 import javax.persistence.Temporal;
 import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
 
-import org.apache.commons.lang3.ObjectUtils;
 import org.dspace.content.DSpaceObject;
 import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.dspace.core.ReloadableEntity;
@@ -123,16 +123,16 @@ public class ResourcePolicy implements ReloadableEntity<Integer> {
         if (getAction() != other.getAction()) {
             return false;
         }
-        if (!ObjectUtils.equals(getEPerson(), other.getEPerson())) {
+        if (!Objects.equals(getEPerson(), other.getEPerson())) {
             return false;
         }
-        if (!ObjectUtils.equals(getGroup(), other.getGroup())) {
+        if (!Objects.equals(getGroup(), other.getGroup())) {
             return false;
         }
-        if (!ObjectUtils.equals(getStartDate(), other.getStartDate())) {
+        if (!Objects.equals(getStartDate(), other.getStartDate())) {
             return false;
         }
-        if (!ObjectUtils.equals(getEndDate(), other.getEndDate())) {
+        if (!Objects.equals(getEndDate(), other.getEndDate())) {
             return false;
         }
         return true;
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ public class ResourcePolicy implements ReloadableEntity<Integer> {
     /**
      * set the action this policy authorizes
      *
-     * @param myid action ID from {@link org.dspace.core.Constants#Constants Constants}
+     * @param myid action ID from {@link org.dspace.core.Constants Constants}
      */
     public void setAction(int myid) {
         this.actionId = myid;

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/checker/DailyReportEmailer.java

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.dspace.checker.service.SimpleReporterService;
 import org.dspace.core.ConfigurationManager;
 import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.dspace.core.Email;
+import org.dspace.core.Utils;
 
 /**
  * <p>
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ public class DailyReportEmailer {
     public void sendReport(File attachment, int numberOfBitstreams)
         throws IOException, javax.mail.MessagingException {
         if (numberOfBitstreams > 0) {
-            String hostname = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.hostname");
+            String hostname = Utils.getHostName(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
             Email email = new Email();
             email.setSubject(
                 "Checksum checker Report - " + numberOfBitstreams + " Bitstreams found with POSSIBLE issues on " +

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/content/DSpaceObjectServiceImpl.java

@@ -694,9 +694,11 @@ public abstract class DSpaceObjectServiceImpl<T extends DSpaceObject> implements
 
         List<MetadataValue> list = getMetadata(dso, schema, element, qualifier);
 
-        if (from >= list.size()) {
+        if (from >= list.size() || to >= list.size() || to < 0 || from < 0) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                "The \"from\" location MUST exist for the operation to be successful. Idx:" + from);
+                "The \"from\" and \"to\" locations MUST exist for the operation to be successful." +
+                        "\n To and from indices must be between 0 and " + (list.size() - 1) +
+                        "\n Idx from:" + from + " Idx to: " + to);
         }
 
         clearMetadata(context, dso, schema, element, qualifier, Item.ANY);
@@ -757,4 +759,9 @@ public abstract class DSpaceObjectServiceImpl<T extends DSpaceObject> implements
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public void setMetadataModified(T dso) {
+        dso.setMetadataModified();
+    }
+
 }

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/content/MetadataFieldServiceImpl.java

@@ -12,11 +12,13 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import org.apache.commons.collections4.CollectionUtils;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
 import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.content.dao.MetadataFieldDAO;
 import org.dspace.content.service.MetadataFieldService;
+import org.dspace.content.service.MetadataSchemaService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.MetadataValueService;
 import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.dspace.core.LogManager;
@@ -42,6 +44,8 @@ public class MetadataFieldServiceImpl implements MetadataFieldService {
     protected AuthorizeService authorizeService;
     @Autowired(required = true)
     protected MetadataValueService metadataValueService;
+    @Autowired(required = true)
+    protected MetadataSchemaService metadataSchemaService;
 
     protected MetadataFieldServiceImpl() {
 
@@ -87,13 +91,25 @@ public class MetadataFieldServiceImpl implements MetadataFieldService {
         return metadataFieldDAO.findByElement(context, metadataSchema, element, qualifier);
     }
 
-
     @Override
     public MetadataField findByElement(Context context, String metadataSchemaName, String element, String qualifier)
         throws SQLException {
         return metadataFieldDAO.findByElement(context, metadataSchemaName, element, qualifier);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public MetadataField findByString(Context context, String mdString, char separator) throws SQLException {
+        String[] seq = StringUtils.split(mdString, separator);
+        String schema = seq.length > 1 ? seq[0] : null;
+        String element = seq.length > 1 ? seq[1] : null;
+        String qualifier = seq.length == 3 ? seq[2] : null;
+        if (schema == null || element == null) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            return this.findByElement(context, schema, element, qualifier);
+        }
+    }
+
     @Override
     public List<MetadataField> findFieldsByElementNameUnqualified(Context context, String metadataSchemaName,
                                                                   String element) throws SQLException {

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/content/Site.java

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public class Site extends DSpaceObject {
     }
 
     public String getURL() {
-        return ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url");
+        return ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url");
     }
 
     private SiteService getSiteService() {

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/content/crosswalk/OREDisseminationCrosswalk.java

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public class OREDisseminationCrosswalk
     private Element disseminateItem(Context context, Item item)
         throws CrosswalkException, IOException, SQLException, AuthorizeException {
         String oaiUrl = null;
-        String dsUrl = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url");
+        String dsUrl = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url");
 
         String remSource = configurationService.getProperty("oai.ore.authoritative.source");
         if (remSource == null || remSource.equalsIgnoreCase("oai")) {
@@ -265,7 +265,8 @@ public class OREDisseminationCrosswalk
         Element pmhMeta = new Element("entry",ATOM_NS);
 
         pUri = new Element("id",ATOM_NS);
-        String oaiId = new String("oai:" + ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.hostname") + ":" + item.getHandle
+        String hostname = Utils.getHostName(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
+        String oaiId = new String("oai:" + hostname + ":" + item.getHandle
         ());
         pUri.addContent(oaiId + "#oai_dc");
         pmhMeta.addContent(pUri);

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/content/crosswalk/PREMISCrosswalk.java

@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ public class PREMISCrosswalk
         //  b. name of bitstream, if any
         //  c. made-up name based on sequence ID and extension.
         String sid = String.valueOf(bitstream.getSequenceID());
-        String baseUrl = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url");
+        String baseUrl = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url");
         String handle = null;
         // get handle of parent Item of this bitstream, if there is one:
         List<Bundle> bn = bitstream.getBundles();

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/content/packager/AbstractMETSDisseminator.java

@@ -1400,7 +1400,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractMETSDisseminator
                 }
                 if (handle != null) {
                     return configurationService
-                        .getProperty("dspace.url")
+                        .getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
                         + "/bitstream/"
                         + handle
                         + "/"
@@ -1410,7 +1410,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractMETSDisseminator
                 } else {   //no Handle assigned, so persistent(-ish) URI for bitstream is
                     // Format: {site-base-url}/retrieve/{bitstream-internal-id}
                     return configurationService
-                        .getProperty("dspace.url")
+                        .getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
                         + "/retrieve/"
                         + String.valueOf(bitstream.getID());
                 }

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/content/service/DSpaceObjectService.java

@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ public interface DSpaceObjectService<T extends DSpaceObject> {
 
     /**
      * Add metadata fields. These are appended to existing values.
-     * Use <code>clearDC</code> to remove values. The ordering of values
+     * Use <code>clearMetadata</code> to remove values. The ordering of values
      * passed in is maintained.
      * <p>
      * If metadata authority control is available, try to get authority
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ public interface DSpaceObjectService<T extends DSpaceObject> {
 
     /**
      * Add metadata fields. These are appended to existing values.
-     * Use <code>clearDC</code> to remove values. The ordering of values
+     * Use <code>clearMetadata</code> to remove values. The ordering of values
      * passed in is maintained.
      *
      * @param context     DSpace context
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ public interface DSpaceObjectService<T extends DSpaceObject> {
 
     /**
      * Add metadata fields. These are appended to existing values.
-     * Use <code>clearDC</code> to remove values. The ordering of values
+     * Use <code>clearMetadata</code> to remove values. The ordering of values
      * passed in is maintained.
      *
      * @param context       DSpace context
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ public interface DSpaceObjectService<T extends DSpaceObject> {
 
     /**
      * Add a single metadata field. This is appended to existing
-     * values. Use <code>clearDC</code> to remove values.
+     * values. Use <code>clearMetadata</code> to remove values.
      *
      * @param context   DSpace context
      * @param dso       DSpaceObject
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ public interface DSpaceObjectService<T extends DSpaceObject> {
 
     /**
      * Add a single metadata field. This is appended to existing
-     * values. Use <code>clearDC</code> to remove values.
+     * values. Use <code>clearMetadata</code> to remove values.
      *
      * @param context    DSpace context
      * @param dso        DSpaceObject
@@ -314,10 +314,10 @@ public interface DSpaceObjectService<T extends DSpaceObject> {
 
     /**
      * Clear metadata values. As with <code>getDC</code> above,
-     * passing in <code>null</code> only matches fields where the qualifier or
+     * passing in <code>null</code> only matches fields where the qualifier orr
      * language is actually <code>null</code>.<code>Item.ANY</code> will
      * match any element, qualifier or language, including <code>null</code>.
-     * Thus, <code>dspaceobject.clearDC(Item.ANY, Item.ANY, Item.ANY)</code> will
+     * Thus, <code>dspaceobject.clearMetadata(Item.ANY, Item.ANY, Item.ANY)</code> will
      * remove all Dublin Core metadata associated with an DSpaceObject.
      *
      * @param context   DSpace context
@@ -370,6 +370,26 @@ public interface DSpaceObjectService<T extends DSpaceObject> {
 
     public void delete(Context context, T dso) throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException;
 
+    /**
+     * Add a single metadata field. Whether it's appended or prepended depends on index parameter.
+     * Use <code>clearMetadata</code> to remove values.
+     *
+     * @param context    DSpace context
+     * @param dso        DSpaceObject
+     * @param schema     the schema for the metadata field. <em>Must</em> match
+     *                   the <code>name</code> of an existing metadata schema.
+     * @param element    the metadata element name
+     * @param qualifier  the metadata qualifier, or <code>null</code> for
+     *                   unqualified
+     * @param lang       the ISO639 language code, optionally followed by an underscore
+     *                   and the ISO3166 country code. <code>null</code> means the
+     *                   value has no language (for example, a date).
+     * @param value      the value to add.
+     * @param authority  the external authority key for this value (or null)
+     * @param confidence the authority confidence (default 0)
+     * @param index      the index at which this metadata is added (0: first place, -1 for last)
+     * @throws SQLException if database error
+     */
     void addAndShiftRightMetadata(Context context, T dso, String schema, String element, String qualifier, String lang,
                                   String value, String authority, int confidence, int index) throws SQLException;
 
@@ -385,4 +405,10 @@ public interface DSpaceObjectService<T extends DSpaceObject> {
      * @return a org.dspace.core.Constants that represents a IndexableObject type
      */
     public int getSupportsTypeConstant();
+
+    /**
+     * Trigger the modifiedMetadata variable in DSpaceObject
+     * @param dso   DSpaceObject whose metadata has been modified
+     */
+    public void setMetadataModified(T dso);
 }

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/content/service/MetadataFieldService.java

@@ -71,6 +71,16 @@ public interface MetadataFieldService {
     public MetadataField findByElement(Context context, String metadataSchemaName, String element, String qualifier)
         throws SQLException;
 
+    /**
+     * Separates an mdString in schema, element and qualifier parts, separated by a given separator
+     *      And returns it's matching metadataField if found
+     * @param context       dspace context
+     * @param mdString      String being separated to find corresponding mdField (ex dc.contributor)
+     * @param separator     Separator being used to separate the mdString
+     * @return  Corresponding MetadataField if found
+     */
+    public MetadataField findByString(Context context, String mdString, char separator) throws SQLException;
+
     public List<MetadataField> findFieldsByElementNameUnqualified(Context context, String metadataSchema,
                                                                   String element)
         throws SQLException;

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/core/Context.java

@@ -361,20 +361,18 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
         // If Context is no longer open/valid, just note that it has already been closed
         if (!isValid()) {
             log.info("complete() was called on a closed Context object. No changes to commit.");
+            return;
         }
 
         try {
             // As long as we have a valid, writeable database connection,
-            // rollback any changes if we are in read-only mode,
+            // commit changes. Otherwise, we'll just close the DB connection (see below)
-            // otherwise, commit any changes made as part of the transaction
+            if (!isReadOnly()) {
-            if (isReadOnly()) {
-                abort();
-            } else {
                 commit();
             }
         } finally {
             if (dbConnection != null) {
-                // Free the DB connection
+                // Free the DB connection and invalidate the Context
                 dbConnection.closeDBConnection();
                 dbConnection = null;
             }
@@ -395,29 +393,24 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
         // If Context is no longer open/valid, just note that it has already been closed
         if (!isValid()) {
             log.info("commit() was called on a closed Context object. No changes to commit.");
+            return;
         }
 
         if (isReadOnly()) {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException("You cannot commit a read-only context");
         }
 
-        // Our DB Connection (Hibernate) will decide if an actual commit is required or not
         try {
-            // As long as we have a valid, writeable database connection,
-            // commit any changes made as part of the transaction
-            if (isValid()) {
             // Dispatch events before committing changes to the database,
             // as the consumers may change something too
             dispatchEvents();
-            }
-
         } finally {
             if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                 log.debug("Cache size on commit is " + getCacheSize());
             }
 
             if (dbConnection != null) {
-                //Commit our changes
+                // Commit our changes (this closes the transaction but leaves database connection open)
                 dbConnection.commit();
                 reloadContextBoundEntities();
             }
@@ -425,8 +418,12 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
     }
 
 
+    /**
+     * Dispatch any events (cached in current Context) to configured EventListeners (consumers)
+     * in the EventService. This should be called prior to any commit as some consumers may add
+     * to the current transaction. Once events are dispatched, the Context's event cache is cleared.
+     */
     public void dispatchEvents() {
-        // Commit any changes made as part of the transaction
         Dispatcher dispatcher = null;
 
         try {
@@ -462,6 +459,7 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
 
     /**
      * Add an event to be dispatched when this context is committed.
+     * NOTE: Read-only Contexts cannot add events, as they cannot modify objects.
      *
      * @param event event to be dispatched
      */
@@ -490,6 +488,10 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
         return events;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Whether or not the context has events cached.
+     * @return true or false
+     */
     public boolean hasEvents() {
         return !CollectionUtils.isEmpty(events);
     }
@@ -521,22 +523,25 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
         // If Context is no longer open/valid, just note that it has already been closed
         if (!isValid()) {
             log.info("abort() was called on a closed Context object. No changes to abort.");
+            return;
         }
 
         try {
-            // Rollback ONLY if we have a database connection, and it is NOT Read Only
+            // Rollback ONLY if we have a database transaction, and it is NOT Read Only
-            if (isValid() && !isReadOnly()) {
+            if (!isReadOnly() && isTransactionAlive()) {
                 dbConnection.rollback();
             }
         } catch (SQLException se) {
-            log.error(se.getMessage(), se);
+            log.error("Error rolling back transaction during an abort()", se);
         } finally {
             try {
-                if (!dbConnection.isSessionAlive()) {
+                if (dbConnection != null) {
+                    // Free the DB connection & invalidate the Context
                     dbConnection.closeDBConnection();
+                    dbConnection = null;
                 }
             } catch (Exception ex) {
-                log.error("Exception aborting context", ex);
+                log.error("Error closing the database connection", ex);
             }
             events = null;
         }
@@ -558,7 +563,22 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
      */
     public boolean isValid() {
         // Only return true if our DB connection is live
-        return dbConnection != null && dbConnection.isTransActionAlive();
+        // NOTE: A transaction need not exist for our Context to be valid, as a Context may use multiple transactions.
+        return dbConnection != null && dbConnection.isSessionAlive();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Find out whether our context includes an open database transaction.
+     * Returns <code>true</code> if there is an open transaction. Returns
+     * <code>false</code> if the context is invalid (e.g. abort() or complete())
+     * was called OR no current transaction exists (e.g. commit() was just called
+     * and no new transaction has begun)
+     *
+     * @return
+     */
+    protected boolean isTransactionAlive() {
+        // Only return true if both Context is valid *and* transaction is alive
+        return isValid() && dbConnection.isTransActionAlive();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -571,21 +591,22 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
         return mode != null && mode == Mode.READ_ONLY;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Add a group's UUID to the list of special groups cached in Context
+     * @param groupID UUID of group
+     */
     public void setSpecialGroup(UUID groupID) {
         specialGroups.add(groupID);
-
-        // System.out.println("Added " + groupID);
     }
 
     /**
-     * test if member of special group
+     * Test if a group is a special group
      *
      * @param groupID ID of special group to test
      * @return true if member
      */
     public boolean inSpecialGroup(UUID groupID) {
         if (specialGroups.contains(groupID)) {
-            // System.out.println("Contains " + groupID);
             return true;
         }
 
@@ -593,10 +614,9 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Get an array of all of the special groups that current user is a member
+     * Get an array of all of the special groups that current user is a member of.
-     * of.
      *
-     * @return list of groups
+     * @return list of special groups
      * @throws SQLException if database error
      */
     public List<Group> getSpecialGroups() throws SQLException {
@@ -608,6 +628,10 @@ public class Context implements AutoCloseable {
         return myGroups;
     }
 
+    /**
+     *  Close the context, aborting any open transactions (if any).
+     * @throws Throwable
+     */
     @Override
     protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
         /*

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/core/Email.java

@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ public class Email {
         String to = config.getProperty("mail.admin");
         String subject = "DSpace test email";
         String server = config.getProperty("mail.server");
-        String url = config.getProperty("dspace.url");
+        String url = config.getProperty("dspace.ui.url");
         Email message;
         try {
             if (args.length <= 0) {

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/core/HibernateDBConnection.java

@@ -35,6 +35,23 @@ import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SessionFactoryUtils;
 
 /**
  * Hibernate implementation of the DBConnection.
+ * <P>
+ * NOTE: This class does NOT represent a single Hibernate database connection. Instead, it wraps
+ * Hibernate's Session object to obtain access to a database connection in order to execute one or more
+ * transactions.
+ * <P>
+ * Per DSpace's current Hibernate configuration ([dspace]/config/core-hibernate.xml), we use the one-session-per-thread
+ * approach (ThreadLocalSessionContext). This means that Hibernate creates a single Session per thread (request), at the
+ * time when getCurrentSession() is first called.
+ * <P>
+ * This Session may be reused for multiple Transactions, but if commit() is called, any objects (Entities) in
+ * the Session become disconnected and MUST be reloaded into the Session (see reloadEntity() method below).
+ * <P>
+ * If an Error occurs, the Session itself is invalidated. No further Transactions can be run on that Session.
+ * <P>
+ * DSpace generally follows the "Session-per-request" transactional pattern described here:
+ * https://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/orm/5.0/userguide/en-US/html/ch06.html#session-per-request
+ *
  *
  * @author kevinvandevelde at atmire.com
  */
@@ -47,32 +64,61 @@ public class HibernateDBConnection implements DBConnection<Session> {
     private boolean batchModeEnabled = false;
     private boolean readOnlyEnabled = false;
 
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the current Session from Hibernate (per our settings, Hibernate is configured to create one Session
+     * per thread). If Session doesn't yet exist, it is created. A Transaction is also initialized (or reinintialized)
+     * in the Session if one doesn't exist, or was previously closed (e.g. if commit() was previously called)
+     * @return Hibernate current Session object
+     * @throws SQLException
+     */
     @Override
     public Session getSession() throws SQLException {
+        // If we don't yet have a live transaction, start a new one
+        // NOTE: a Session cannot be used until a Transaction is started.
         if (!isTransActionAlive()) {
             sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().beginTransaction();
             configureDatabaseMode();
         }
+        // Return the current Hibernate Session object (Hibernate will create one if it doesn't yet exist)
         return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Check if the connection has a currently active Transaction. A Transaction is active if it has not yet been
+     * either committed or rolled back.
+     * @return
+     */
     @Override
     public boolean isTransActionAlive() {
         Transaction transaction = getTransaction();
         return transaction != null && transaction.isActive();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Retrieve the current Hibernate Transaction object from our Hibernate Session.
+     * @return current Transaction (may be active or inactive) or null
+     */
     protected Transaction getTransaction() {
         return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().getTransaction();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Check if Hibernate Session is still "alive" / open. An open Session may or may not have an open Transaction
+     * (so isTransactionAlive() may return false even if isSessionAlive() returns true). A Session may be reused for
+     * multiple transactions (e.g. if commit() is called, the Session remains alive while the Transaction is closed)
+     *
+     * @return true if Session is alive, false otherwise
+     */
     @Override
     public boolean isSessionAlive() {
-        return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession() != null && sessionFactory.getCurrentSession()
+        return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession() != null && sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().isOpen();
-                                                                           .getTransaction() != null && sessionFactory
-            .getCurrentSession().getTransaction().getStatus().isOneOf(TransactionStatus.ACTIVE);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Rollback any changes applied to the current Transaction. This also closes the Transaction. A new Transaction
+     * may be opened the next time getSession() is called.
+     * @throws SQLException
+     */
     @Override
     public void rollback() throws SQLException {
         if (isTransActionAlive()) {
@@ -80,6 +126,14 @@ public class HibernateDBConnection implements DBConnection<Session> {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Close our current Database connection. This also closes & unbinds the Hibernate Session from our thread.
+     * <P>
+     * NOTE: Because DSpace configures Hibernate to automatically create a Session per thread, a Session may still
+     * exist after this method is called (as Hibernate may automatically create a new Session for the current thread).
+     * However, Hibernate will automatically clean up any existing Session when the thread closes.
+     * @throws SQLException
+     */
     @Override
     public void closeDBConnection() throws SQLException {
         if (sessionFactory.getCurrentSession() != null && sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().isOpen()) {
@@ -87,11 +141,23 @@ public class HibernateDBConnection implements DBConnection<Session> {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Commits any current changes cached in the Hibernate Session to the database & closes the Transaction.
+     * To open a new Transaction, you may call getSession().
+     * <P>
+     * WARNING: When commit() is called, while the Session is still "alive", all previously loaded objects (entities)
+     * become disconnected from the Session. Therefore, if you continue to use the Session, you MUST reload any needed
+     * objects (entities) using reloadEntity() method.
+     *
+     * @throws SQLException
+     */
     @Override
     public void commit() throws SQLException {
         if (isTransActionAlive() && !getTransaction().getStatus().isOneOf(TransactionStatus.MARKED_ROLLBACK,
                                                                           TransactionStatus.ROLLING_BACK)) {
+            // Flush synchronizes the database with in-memory objects in Session (and frees up that memory)
             getSession().flush();
+            // Commit those results to the database & ends the Transaction
             getTransaction().commit();
         }
     }
@@ -132,6 +198,16 @@ public class HibernateDBConnection implements DBConnection<Session> {
         return getSession().getStatistics().getEntityCount();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Reload an entity into the Hibernate cache. This can be called after a call to commit() to re-cache an object
+     * in the Hibernate Session (see commit()). Failing to reload objects into the cache may result in a Hibernate
+     * throwing a "LazyInitializationException" if you attempt to use an object that has been disconnected from the
+     * Session cache.
+     * @param entity The DSpace object to reload
+     * @param <E> The class of the entity. The entity must implement the {@link ReloadableEntity} interface.
+     * @return the newly cached object.
+     * @throws SQLException
+     */
     @Override
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public <E extends ReloadableEntity> E reloadEntity(final E entity) throws SQLException {
@@ -167,10 +243,13 @@ public class HibernateDBConnection implements DBConnection<Session> {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Evict an entity from the hibernate cache. This is necessary when batch processing a large number of items.
+     * Evict an entity from the hibernate cache.
+     * <P>
+     * When an entity is evicted, it frees up the memory used by that entity in the cache. This is often
+     * necessary when batch processing a large number of objects (to avoid out-of-memory exceptions).
      *
-     * @param entity The entity to reload
+     * @param entity The entity to evict
-     * @param <E>    The class of the enity. The entity must implement the {@link ReloadableEntity} interface.
+     * @param <E>    The class of the entity. The entity must implement the {@link ReloadableEntity} interface.
      * @throws SQLException When reloading the entity from the database fails.
      */
     @Override

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/core/Utils.java

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
 import java.rmi.dgc.VMID;
 import java.security.MessageDigest;
 import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
@@ -30,7 +32,10 @@ import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 import com.coverity.security.Escape;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.commons.text.StringSubstitutor;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+import org.dspace.services.ConfigurationService;
+import org.dspace.services.factory.DSpaceServicesFactory;
 
 /**
  * Utility functions for DSpace.
@@ -408,4 +413,38 @@ public final class Utils {
             return schema + separator + element + separator + qualifier;
         }
     }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve the hostname from a given URI string
+     * @param uriString URI string
+     * @return hostname (without any www.) or null (if URI was invalid)
+     */
+    public static String getHostName(String uriString) {
+        try {
+            URI uri = new URI(uriString);
+            String hostname = uri.getHost();
+            // remove the "www." from hostname, if it exists
+            if (hostname != null) {
+                return hostname.startsWith("www.") ? hostname.substring(4) : hostname;
+            }
+            return hostname;
+        } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replaces configuration placeholders within a String with the corresponding value
+     * from DSpace's Configuration Service.
+     * <P>
+     * For example, given a String like "My DSpace is installed at ${dspace.dir}", this
+     * method will replace "${dspace.dir}" with the configured value of that property.
+     * @param string source string
+     * @return string with any placeholders replaced with configured values.
+     */
+    public static String interpolateConfigsInString(String string) {
+        ConfigurationService config = DSpaceServicesFactory.getInstance().getConfigurationService();
+        return StringSubstitutor.replace(string, config.getProperties());
+    }
 }

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/discovery/SolrServiceImpl.java

@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ public class SolrServiceImpl implements SearchService, IndexingService {
                         Locale.getDefault(), "internal_error"));
                 email.addRecipient(recipient);
                 email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager
-                                      .getProperty("dspace.url"));
+                                      .getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
                 email.addArgument(new Date());
 
                 String stackTrace;

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/discovery/configuration/DiscoverySortFieldConfiguration.java

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
  */
 package org.dspace.discovery.configuration;
 
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.HashCodeBuilder;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Required;
 
 /**
@@ -46,4 +47,11 @@ public class DiscoverySortFieldConfiguration {
         return false;
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return new HashCodeBuilder(3, 19)
+            .append(this.getMetadataField())
+            .append(this.getType())
+            .toHashCode();
+    }
 }

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/eperson/AccountServiceImpl.java

@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
      */
     protected void sendEmail(Context context, String email, boolean isRegister, RegistrationData rd)
         throws MessagingException, IOException, SQLException {
-        String base = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url");
+        String base = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url");
 
         //  Note change from "key=" to "token="
         String specialLink = new StringBuffer().append(base).append(

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/eperson/EPersonConsumer.java

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ public class EPersonConsumer implements Consumer {
                             adminEmail.addRecipient(notifyRecipient);
 
                             adminEmail.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.name"));
-                            adminEmail.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url"));
+                            adminEmail.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
                             adminEmail.addArgument(eperson.getFirstName() + " " + eperson.getLastName()); // Name
                             adminEmail.addArgument(eperson.getEmail());
                             adminEmail.addArgument(new Date());

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/handle/HandleServiceImpl.java

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public class HandleServiceImpl implements HandleService {
             return null;
         }
 
-        String url = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url")
+        String url = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
             + "/handle/" + handle;
 
         if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public class HandleServiceImpl implements HandleService {
     @Override
     public String resolveUrlToHandle(Context context, String url)
         throws SQLException {
-        String dspaceUrl = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url")
+        String dspaceUrl = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
             + "/handle/";
         String handleResolver = configurationService.getProperty("handle.canonical.prefix");
 

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/health/InfoCheck.java

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public class InfoCheck extends Check {
         ).append("\n");
 
         sb.append("Url: ").append(
-            ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url")
+            ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
         ).append("\n");
         sb.append("\n");
 

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/identifier/EZIDIdentifierProvider.java

@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ public class EZIDIdentifierProvider
             log.warn("{} #{} has no handle -- location not set.",
                      contentServiceFactory.getDSpaceObjectService(dso).getTypeText(dso), dso.getID());
         } else {
-            String url = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url")
+            String url = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url")
                 + "/handle/" + item.getHandle();
             log.info("Supplying location:  {}", url);
             mapped.put("_target", url);

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/rdf/conversion/SimpleDSORelationsConverterPlugin.java

@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ public class SimpleDSORelationsConverterPlugin
             // we currently ignore those
             return null;
         }
-        String dspaceURL = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url");
+        String dspaceURL = configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url");
         String link = "";
         try {
             // this currently (DSpace 4.1) works with xmlui and jspui.

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/rdf/negotiation/Negotiator.java

@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ public class Negotiator {
         // if html is requested we have to forward to the repositories webui.
         if ("html".equals(lang)) {
             urlBuilder.append(DSpaceServicesFactory.getInstance()
-                                                   .getConfigurationService().getProperty("dspace.url"));
+                                                   .getConfigurationService().getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
             if (!handle.equals(DSpaceServicesFactory.getInstance()
                                                     .getConfigurationService().getProperty("handle.prefix") + "/0")) {
                 urlBuilder.append("/handle/");

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/scripts/DSpaceCommandLineParameter.java

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.HashCodeBuilder;
 
 /**
  * This class serves as a representation of a command line parameter by holding a String name and a String value
@@ -95,6 +96,7 @@ public class DSpaceCommandLineParameter {
      * @param other The other object
      * @return      A boolean indicating equality
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean equals(Object other) {
         if (other == null) {
             return false;
@@ -105,4 +107,12 @@ public class DSpaceCommandLineParameter {
         return StringUtils.equals(this.getName(), ((DSpaceCommandLineParameter) other).getName()) && StringUtils
             .equals(this.getValue(), ((DSpaceCommandLineParameter) other).getValue());
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return new HashCodeBuilder(5, 17)
+            .append(this.getName())
+            .append(this.getValue())
+            .toHashCode();
+    }
 }

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/statistics/content/StatisticsDataVisits.java

@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ public class StatisticsDataVisits extends StatisticsData {
                     }
 
 
-                    String url = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url") + "/bitstream/" + identifier + "/";
+                    String url = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url") + "/bitstream/" + identifier + "/";
 
                     // If we can put the pretty name of the bitstream on the end of the URL
                     try {

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/storage/bitstore/S3BitStoreService.java

@@ -92,7 +92,9 @@ public class S3BitStoreService implements BitStoreService {
 
         // bucket name
         if (StringUtils.isEmpty(bucketName)) {
-            bucketName = "dspace-asset-" + ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.hostname");
+            // get hostname of DSpace UI to use to name bucket
+            String hostname = Utils.getHostName(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
+            bucketName = "dspace-asset-" + hostname;
             log.warn("S3 BucketName is not configured, setting default: " + bucketName);
         }
 
@@ -342,8 +344,10 @@ public class S3BitStoreService implements BitStoreService {
         Region usEast1 = Region.getRegion(Regions.US_EAST_1);
         store.s3Service.setRegion(usEast1);
 
+        // get hostname of DSpace UI to use to name bucket
+        String hostname = Utils.getHostName(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
         //Bucketname should be lowercase
-        store.bucketName = "dspace-asset-" + ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.hostname") + ".s3test";
+        store.bucketName = "dspace-asset-" + hostname + ".s3test";
         store.s3Service.createBucket(store.bucketName);
 /* Broken in DSpace 6 TODO Refactor
         // time everything, todo, swtich to caliper

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/workflowbasic/BasicWorkflowServiceImpl.java

@@ -1041,7 +1041,7 @@ public class BasicWorkflowServiceImpl implements BasicWorkflowService {
 
     @Override
     public String getMyDSpaceLink() {
-        return configurationService.getProperty("dspace.url") + "/mydspace";
+        return configurationService.getProperty("dspace.ui.url") + "/mydspace";
     }
 
     protected void notifyOfReject(Context context, BasicWorkflowItem workflowItem, EPerson e,

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/xmlworkflow/WorkflowUtils.java

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ public class WorkflowUtils extends Util {
 
                 email.addRecipient(recipient);
                 email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager
-                                      .getProperty("dspace.url"));
+                                      .getProperty("dspace.ui.url"));
                 email.addArgument(new Date());
                 email.addArgument(request.getSession().getId());
                 email.addArgument(logInfo);

dspace-api/src/main/java/org/dspace/xmlworkflow/XmlWorkflowServiceImpl.java

@@ -1049,7 +1049,7 @@ public class XmlWorkflowServiceImpl implements XmlWorkflowService {
             email.addArgument(coll.getName());
             email.addArgument(rejector);
             email.addArgument(reason);
-            email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url") + "/mydspace");
+            email.addArgument(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url") + "/mydspace");
 
             email.send();
         } catch (Exception ex) {
@@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@ public class XmlWorkflowServiceImpl implements XmlWorkflowService {
 
     @Override
     public String getMyDSpaceLink() {
-        return ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url") + "/mydspace";
+        return ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url") + "/mydspace";
     }
 
     protected void revokeReviewerPolicies(Context context, Item item) throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {

dspace-api/src/test/data/dspace.cfg.more

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-# Configure authority control for Unit Testing (in DSpaceControlledVocabularyTest)
-# (This overrides default, commented out settings in dspace.cfg)
-plugin.selfnamed.org.dspace.content.authority.ChoiceAuthority = \
-	org.dspace.content.authority.DCInputAuthority, \
-    org.dspace.content.authority.DSpaceControlledVocabulary
-
-# Configure some more Plugins for PluginTest class
-# NOTE: Plugins are just *interfaces*. So, here we are defining some plugins
-# based on java.util.List interface and giving them names.
-# (These are used by PluginTest)
-plugin.named.java.util.List = \
-    java.util.ArrayList = MyArrayList, \
-    java.util.LinkedList = MyLinkedList, \
-    java.util.AttributeList = MyAttributeList
-
-# Define a single Map plugin (used by PluginTest)
-plugin.single.java.util.Map = java.util.HashMap
-
-# Define a sequence of Collection plugins (used by PluginTest)
-plugin.sequence.java.util.Collection = \
-    java.util.ArrayList, \
-    java.util.LinkedList, \
-    java.util.Stack, \
-    java.util.TreeSet
-
-# Enable a test authority control on dc.language.iso field
-choices.plugin.dc.language.iso = common_iso_languages
-choices.presentation.dc.language.iso = select
-authority.controlled.dc.language.iso = true
-
-# use the testing assetstore.dir
-assetstore.dir = ${dspace.dir}/assetstore

dspace-api/src/test/data/dspaceFolder/config/local.cfg

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
 # SERVER CONFIGURATION   #
 ##########################
 
-# Spring boot test by default mock the server on the localhost (80)
+# Spring boot test: by default mock the server on the localhost (80)
-dspace.baseUrl = http://localhost
+dspace.server.url = http://localhost
 
 # DSpace installation directory.
 # This is the location where you want to install DSpace.

dspace-api/src/test/data/dspaceFolder/config/spring/api/identifier-service-test.xml

@@ -21,92 +21,18 @@
           autowire="byType"
           scope="singleton"/>
 
-    <!-- provider for using the versioned handle identifier instead of the default one. -->
-    <!--<bean id="org.dspace.identifier.HandleIdentifierProvider" class="org.dspace.identifier.VersionedHandleIdentifierProvider"-->
-    <!--scope="singleton">-->
-    <!--<property name="configurationService" ref="org.dspace.services.ConfigurationService"/>-->
-    <!--</bean>-->
-
     <!-- provider to mint and register DOIs with DSpace.
          To mint DOIs you need a registration agency. The DOIIdentifierProvider
          maintains the doi database table and handling of DSpaceObject. It uses
          a DOIConnector that handles all API calls to your DOI registration
          agency. Please configure a DOIConnector as well! -->
-
-    <!-- In order to mint DOIs with DSpace, get an agreement with a DOI registration
-         agency,  take a look into dspace.cfg, and uncomment this.
-             -->
     <bean id="org.dspace.identifier.DOIIdentifierProvider"
           class="org.dspace.identifier.DOIIdentifierProvider"
           scope="singleton">
         <property name="configurationService"
                   ref="org.dspace.services.ConfigurationService"/>
-        <property name="DOIConnector"
+        <!-- NOTE: A DOIConnector is not configured here because it is mocked in the tests themselves -->
-                  ref="org.dspace.identifier.doi.DOIConnector"/>
+        <!--<property name="DOIConnector"
+                  ref="org.dspace.identifier.doi.DOIConnector"/>-->
     </bean>
-
-    <!-- The DOIConnector will handle the API calls to your DOI registration
-         agency for the DOIIdentifierProvider. If your registration agency
-         tells you to use the DataCite API directly, you can use the
-         DataCiteConnector. If your registration agency is not part of DataCite
-         or provides their own API, you have to implement a DOIConnector.
-         e.g. EZID is part of DataCite but provides their own APIs. The following
-         DataCiteConnector won't work if EZID is your registration agency.
-    -->
-    <!-- Uncomment this to use the DataCite API directly as DOIConnector.
-    <bean id="org.dspace.identifier.doi.DOIConnector"
-        class="org.dspace.identifier.doi.DataCiteConnector"
-        scope="singleton">
-        <property name='DATACITE_SCHEME' value='https'/>
-        <property name='DATACITE_HOST' value='test.datacite.org'/>
-        <property name='DATACITE_DOI_PATH' value='/mds/doi/' />
-        <property name='DATACITE_METADATA_PATH' value='/mds/metadata/' />
-        <property name='disseminationCrosswalkName' value="DataCite" />
-    </bean>
-    -->
-    <bean id="org.dspace.identifier.doi.DOIConnector" class="org.dspace.identifier.MockDOIConnector"/>
-
-    <!-- Provider to mint and register DOIs using EZID as the registrar.
-    -->
-    <!--
-         Set generateDataciteXML to true to send metadata in DataCite xml schema for EZID DOI mint requests.
-         When generateDataciteXML is enabled, EZIDIdentifierProvider uses
-         dspace.cfg:crosswalk.dissemination.DataCite.stylesheet XSL configuration for metadata mapping
-    -->
-    <!-- Uncomment to enable DOI using EZID
-    <bean id="org.dspace.identifier.EZIDIdentifierProvider"
-          class="org.dspace.identifier.EZIDIdentifierProvider"
-          scope='singleton'>
-        <description>Uses the EZID service to provide DOI identifiers from DataCite</description>
-        <property name="configurationService"
-                      ref="org.dspace.services.ConfigurationService"/>
-        <property name='requestFactory'>
-            <bean class='org.dspace.identifier.ezid.EZIDRequestFactory'>
-                <property name='EZID_SCHEME' value='https'/>
-                <property name='EZID_HOST' value='ezid.cdlib.org'/>
-                <property name='EZID_PATH' value=''/>
-            </bean>
-        </property>
-        <property name='crosswalk'>
-            <map>
-                <entry key='datacite.creator' value='dc.contributor.author'/>
-                <entry key='datacite.title' value='dc.title'/>
-                <entry key='datacite.publisher' value='dc.publisher'/>
-                <entry key='datacite.publicationyear' value='dc.date.issued'/>
-            </map>
-        </property>
-        <property name='crosswalkTransform'>
-            <description>How to compute the crosswalked value from the original.  Default is plain copy.</description>
-            <map>
-                <entry key='datacite.publicationyear'>
-                    <bean class='org.dspace.identifier.ezid.DateToYear'/>
-                </entry>
-            </map>
-        </property>
-        <property name='generateDataciteXML' value='false'/>
-        <property name='disseminationCrosswalkName' value='DataCite'/>
-
-    </bean>
-    -->
-
 </beans>

dspace-api/src/test/data/dspaceFolder/solr/solr.xml

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version='1.0'?>
-<solr/>

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/AbstractDSpaceTest.java

@@ -15,15 +15,14 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.TimeZone;
 
-import mockit.integration.junit4.JMockit;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
-import org.dspace.app.util.MockUtil;
 import org.dspace.servicemanager.DSpaceKernelImpl;
 import org.dspace.servicemanager.DSpaceKernelInit;
 import org.junit.AfterClass;
 import org.junit.BeforeClass;
 import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 /**
  * DSpace Unit Tests need to initialize the DSpace Kernel / Service Mgr
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
  * @see AbstractIntegrationTest
  */
 @Ignore
-@RunWith(JMockit.class)
+@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class AbstractDSpaceTest {
 
     /**
@@ -86,11 +85,9 @@ public class AbstractDSpaceTest {
             kernelImpl = DSpaceKernelInit.getKernel(null);
             if (!kernelImpl.isRunning()) {
                 // NOTE: the "dspace.dir" system property MUST be specified via Maven
+                // For example: by using <systemPropertyVariables> of maven-surefire-plugin or maven-failsafe-plugin
                 kernelImpl.start(getDspaceDir()); // init the kernel
             }
-
-            // Initialize mock Util class (allows Util.getSourceVersion() to work in Unit tests)
-            new MockUtil();
         } catch (IOException ex) {
             log.error("Error initializing tests", ex);
             fail("Error initializing tests: " + ex.getMessage());

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/AbstractUnitTest.java

@@ -11,16 +11,18 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.ArrayUtils;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
 import org.dspace.authorize.factory.AuthorizeServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.dspace.core.I18nUtil;
-import org.dspace.discovery.MockIndexEventConsumer;
 import org.dspace.eperson.EPerson;
 import org.dspace.eperson.factory.EPersonServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.eperson.service.EPersonService;
+import org.dspace.services.ConfigurationService;
+import org.dspace.services.factory.DSpaceServicesFactory;
 import org.dspace.storage.rdbms.DatabaseUtils;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
@@ -86,9 +88,6 @@ public class AbstractUnitTest extends AbstractDSpaceTest {
             fail("Error initializing database: " + se.getMessage()
                      + (se.getCause() == null ? "" : ": " + se.getCause().getMessage()));
         }
-
-        // Initialize mock indexer (which does nothing, since Solr isn't running)
-        new MockIndexEventConsumer();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -127,6 +126,10 @@ public class AbstractUnitTest extends AbstractDSpaceTest {
             EPersonServiceFactory.getInstance().getGroupService().initDefaultGroupNames(context);
 
             context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+            // Ensure all tests run with Solr indexing disabled
+            disableSolrIndexing();
+
         } catch (AuthorizeException ex) {
             log.error("Error creating initial eperson or default groups", ex);
             fail("Error creating initial eperson or default groups in AbstractUnitTest init()");
@@ -160,7 +163,7 @@ public class AbstractUnitTest extends AbstractDSpaceTest {
     protected void cleanupContext(Context c) throws SQLException {
         // If context still valid, abort it
         if (c != null && c.isValid()) {
-            c.complete();
+            c.abort();
         }
 
         // Cleanup Context object by setting it to null
@@ -168,4 +171,23 @@ public class AbstractUnitTest extends AbstractDSpaceTest {
             c = null;
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Utility method which ensures Solr indexing is DISABLED in all Tests. We turn this off because
+     * Solr is NOT used in the dspace-api test framework. Instead, Solr/Discovery indexing is
+     * exercised in the dspace-server Integration Tests (which use an embedded Solr).
+     */
+    protected static void disableSolrIndexing() {
+        // Get our currently configured list of event consumers
+        ConfigurationService configurationService = DSpaceServicesFactory.getInstance().getConfigurationService();
+        String[] consumers = configurationService.getArrayProperty("event.dispatcher.default.consumers");
+
+        // Remove "discovery" from the configured consumers (if it exists).
+        // This turns off Discovery/Solr indexing after any object changes.
+        if (ArrayUtils.contains(consumers, "discovery")) {
+            consumers = ArrayUtils.removeElement(consumers, "discovery");
+            configurationService.setProperty("event.dispatcher.default.consumers", consumers);
+        }
+    }
+
 }

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/administer/StructBuilderIT.java

@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
-import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.List;
 import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
 import javax.xml.transform.Source;
 import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
@@ -47,7 +45,6 @@ import org.xmlunit.diff.ComparisonFormatter;
 import org.xmlunit.diff.DefaultComparisonFormatter;
 import org.xmlunit.diff.Diff;
 import org.xmlunit.diff.Difference;
-import org.xmlunit.util.Predicate;
 
 /**
  * Tests of {@link StructBuilder}.
@@ -314,9 +311,9 @@ public class StructBuilderIT
     }
 
     /**
-     * Reject uninteresting nodes.
+     * Reject uninteresting nodes. (currently commented out of tests above)
      */
-    private static class MyNodeFilter implements Predicate<Node> {
+    /*private static class MyNodeFilter implements Predicate<Node> {
         private static final List<String> dontCare = Arrays.asList(
             "description",
             "intro",
@@ -330,5 +327,5 @@ public class StructBuilderIT
             String type = node.getLocalName();
             return ! dontCare.contains(type);
         }
-    }
+    }*/
 }

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/app/util/GoogleBitstreamComparatorTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 package org.dspace.app.util;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -24,12 +24,8 @@ import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
-
-@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class GoogleBitstreamComparatorTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
 
     @Mock

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/app/util/GoogleMetadataTest.java

@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.List;
 
+import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
@@ -85,7 +87,8 @@ public class GoogleMetadataTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
             log.error("SQL Error in init", ex);
             fail("SQL Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
+            log.error("IO Error in init", e);
+            fail("IO Error in init: " + e.getMessage());
         }
     }
 
@@ -119,8 +122,8 @@ public class GoogleMetadataTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         context.commit();
         GoogleMetadata gm = new GoogleMetadata(this.context, it);
-        String[] urlSplitted = gm.getPDFURL().get(0).split("/");
+        List<String> urlSplitted = Splitter.on("/").splitToList(gm.getPDFURL().get(0));
-        assertEquals("Pdf", urlSplitted[urlSplitted.length - 1]);
+        assertEquals("Pdf", urlSplitted.get(urlSplitted.size() - 1));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -154,8 +157,8 @@ public class GoogleMetadataTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         context.commit();
         GoogleMetadata gm = new GoogleMetadata(this.context, it);
-        String[] urlSplitted = gm.getPDFURL().get(0).split("/");
+        List<String> urlSplitted = Splitter.on("/").splitToList(gm.getPDFURL().get(0));
-        assertEquals("size9", urlSplitted[urlSplitted.length - 1]);
+        assertEquals("size9", urlSplitted.get(urlSplitted.size() - 1));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -189,8 +192,8 @@ public class GoogleMetadataTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         context.commit();
         GoogleMetadata gm = new GoogleMetadata(this.context, it);
-        String[] urlSplitted = gm.getPDFURL().get(0).split("/");
+        List<String> urlSplitted = Splitter.on("/").splitToList(gm.getPDFURL().get(0));
-        assertEquals("first", urlSplitted[urlSplitted.length - 1]);
+        assertEquals("first", urlSplitted.get(urlSplitted.size() - 1));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -225,8 +228,8 @@ public class GoogleMetadataTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         context.commit();
         GoogleMetadata gm = new GoogleMetadata(this.context, it);
-        String[] urlSplitted = gm.getPDFURL().get(0).split("/");
+        List<String> urlSplitted = Splitter.on("/").splitToList(gm.getPDFURL().get(0));
-        assertEquals("primary", urlSplitted[urlSplitted.length - 1]);
+        assertEquals("primary", urlSplitted.get(urlSplitted.size() - 1));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -261,8 +264,8 @@ public class GoogleMetadataTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         context.commit();
         GoogleMetadata gm = new GoogleMetadata(this.context, it);
-        String[] urlSplitted = gm.getPDFURL().get(0).split("/");
+        List<String> urlSplitted = Splitter.on("/").splitToList(gm.getPDFURL().get(0));
-        assertEquals("large", urlSplitted[urlSplitted.length - 1]);
+        assertEquals("large", urlSplitted.get(urlSplitted.size() - 1));
     }
 
 
@@ -285,7 +288,7 @@ public class GoogleMetadataTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     @Test
     public void testGetPDFURLWithNoBitstreams() throws Exception {
         context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-        Bundle bundle = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getBundleService().create(context, it, "ORIGINAL");
+        ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getBundleService().create(context, it, "ORIGINAL");
 
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         context.commit();
@@ -319,8 +322,8 @@ public class GoogleMetadataTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         context.commit();
         GoogleMetadata gm = new GoogleMetadata(this.context, it);
-        String[] urlSplitted = gm.getPDFURL().get(0).split("/");
+        List<String> urlSplitted = Splitter.on("/").splitToList(gm.getPDFURL().get(0));
-        assertEquals("small", urlSplitted[urlSplitted.length - 1]);
+        assertEquals("small", urlSplitted.get(urlSplitted.size() - 1));
     }
 
     @After
@@ -334,12 +337,8 @@ public class GoogleMetadataTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
             community = context.reloadEntity(community);
             ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getCommunityService().delete(context, community);
             community = null;
-        } catch (SQLException e) {
+        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
+            throw new AssertionError("Error occurred in destroy()", e);
-        } catch (AuthorizeException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
         }
         it = null;
         super.destroy();

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/app/util/MockUtil.java

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * The contents of this file are subject to the license and copyright
- * detailed in the LICENSE and NOTICE files at the root of the source
- * tree and available online at
- *
- * http://www.dspace.org/license/
- */
-package org.dspace.app.util;
-
-import mockit.Mock;
-import mockit.MockUp;
-
-/**
- * Mocks the "Util" class, as the getSourceVersion() method in this class
- * is not usable in Unit Testing (since the final JAR is not yet created)
- *
- * @author Tim Donohue
- */
-public class MockUtil extends MockUp<Util> {
-    /**
-     * Override/Mock the default "getSourceVersion()" method. This method
-     * relies on the "pom.properties" file which is generated by Maven ONLY
-     * when building the final dspace-api.jar. During Unit Testing, this
-     * "pom.properties" file does NOT exist, which causes a NPE to be thrown.
-     * <P>
-     * This mocked method simply returns the version as "unit-testing".
-     *
-     * @return "unit-testing" since this is only used during Unit Tests
-     */
-    @Mock
-    public static String getSourceVersion() {
-        return "unit-testing";
-    }
-}

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/authenticate/IPMatcherTest.java

@@ -264,8 +264,8 @@ public class IPMatcherTest {
         assertFalse(ipMatcher.match("192.1.2.2"));
     }
 
-
+    // Commented out as this is currently not used in tests
-    private ArrayList<String> getAllIp4Except(ArrayList<String> exceptions) {
+    /*private ArrayList<String> getAllIp4Except(ArrayList<String> exceptions) {
         int d1 = 0;
         int d2 = 0;
         int d3 = 0;
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ public class IPMatcherTest {
             }
         }
         return ips;
-    }
+    }*/
 
     private void verifyAllIp4Except(ArrayList<String> exceptions, boolean asserted, IPMatcher ipMatcher)
         throws IPMatcherException {

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/authorize/AuthorizeServiceTest.java

@@ -90,8 +90,7 @@ public class AuthorizeServiceTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     @Test
     public void testauthorizeMethodRespectSpecialGroups() {
 
-        EPerson eperson1;
+        EPerson eperson;
-        EPerson eperson2;
         Group group1;
 
         Community dso;
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ public class AuthorizeServiceTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
             context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
 
             // create an eperson and a group
-            eperson1 = ePersonService.create(context);
+            eperson = ePersonService.create(context);
             group1 = groupService.create(context);
             // A group has to have a name, otherwise there are queries that break
             groupService.setName(group1, "My test group 2");
@@ -111,19 +110,19 @@ public class AuthorizeServiceTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
             // special group to the user. Then test if the action on the DSO
             // is allowed for the user
             authorizeService.addPolicy(context, dso, Constants.ADD, group1);
-            context.setCurrentUser(eperson1);
+            context.setCurrentUser(eperson);
             context.setSpecialGroup(group1.getID());
             context.commit();
         } catch (SQLException | AuthorizeException ex) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+            throw new AssertionError(ex);
         } finally {
             context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         }
 
         try {
-            Assert.assertTrue(authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean(context, eperson1, dso, Constants.ADD, true));
+            Assert.assertTrue(authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean(context, eperson, dso, Constants.ADD, true));
         } catch (SQLException ex) {
-            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+            throw new AssertionError(ex);
         }
     }
 }

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/BitstreamFormatTest.java

@@ -15,23 +15,24 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
-import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeServiceImpl;
+import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.content.service.BitstreamFormatService;
-import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
 
 /**
  * This class tests BitstreamFormat. Due to it being tighly coupled with the
@@ -60,6 +61,11 @@ public class BitstreamFormatTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     protected BitstreamFormatService bitstreamFormatService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance()
                                                                                    .getBitstreamFormatService();
 
+    /**
+     * Spy of AuthorizeService to use for tests
+     * (initialized / setup in @Before method)
+     */
+    private AuthorizeService authorizeServiceSpy;
 
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
@@ -75,6 +81,13 @@ public class BitstreamFormatTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         try {
             bf = bitstreamFormatService.find(context, 5);
             bunknown = bitstreamFormatService.findUnknown(context);
+
+            // Initialize our spy of the autowired (global) authorizeService bean.
+            // This allows us to customize the bean's method return values in tests below
+            authorizeServiceSpy = spy(authorizeService);
+            // "Wire" our spy to be used by the current loaded bitstreamFormatService
+            // (To ensure it uses the spy instead of the real service)
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(bitstreamFormatService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
         } catch (SQLException ex) {
             log.error("SQL Error in init", ex);
             fail("SQL Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
@@ -199,11 +212,8 @@ public class BitstreamFormatTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreateAdmin() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow full Admin perms
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         BitstreamFormat found = bitstreamFormatService.create(context);
         assertThat("testCreate 0", found, notNullValue());
@@ -219,13 +229,10 @@ public class BitstreamFormatTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testCreateNotAdmin() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Disalow full Admin perms
-            // Disallow full Admin perms
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(false);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = false;
-        }};
 
-        BitstreamFormat found = bitstreamFormatService.create(context);
+        bitstreamFormatService.create(context);
         fail("Exception should have been thrown");
     }
 
@@ -442,11 +449,8 @@ public class BitstreamFormatTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testUpdateNotAdmin() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Disallow full Admin perms
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(false);
-            result = false;
-        }};
 
         bitstreamFormatService.update(context, bf);
         fail("Exception should have been thrown");
@@ -457,11 +461,8 @@ public class BitstreamFormatTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testUpdateAdmin() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow full Admin perms
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String desc = "Test description";
         String oldDescription = bf.getDescription();
@@ -478,11 +479,8 @@ public class BitstreamFormatTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testDeleteNotAdmin() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Disallow full Admin perms
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(false);
-            result = false;
-        }};
 
         bitstreamFormatService.delete(context, bf);
         fail("Exception should have been thrown");
@@ -493,11 +491,8 @@ public class BitstreamFormatTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testDeleteAdmin() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow full Admin perms
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         BitstreamFormat bitstreamFormat = bitstreamFormatService.create(context);
         int toDeleteIdentifier = bitstreamFormat.getID();
@@ -511,11 +506,8 @@ public class BitstreamFormatTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void testDeleteUnknown() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(AuthorizeServiceImpl.class) {{
         // Allow full Admin perms
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         bitstreamFormatService.delete(context, bunknown);
         fail("Exception should have been thrown");

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/BitstreamTest.java

@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
@@ -23,9 +28,9 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
+import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.content.service.BitstreamFormatService;
 import org.dspace.core.Constants;
@@ -33,6 +38,7 @@ import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
 
 /**
  * Unit Tests for class Bitstream
@@ -54,6 +60,12 @@ public class BitstreamTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     private Bitstream bs;
 
+    /**
+     * Spy of AuthorizeService to use for tests
+     * (initialized / setup in @Before method)
+     */
+    private AuthorizeService authorizeServiceSpy;
+
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
      * initialize resources required for the tests.
@@ -67,10 +79,18 @@ public class BitstreamTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
         super.init();
         try {
             //we have to create a new bitstream in the database
+            context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
             File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
             this.bs = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
             this.dspaceObject = bs;
-            //we need to commit the changes so we don't block the table for testing
+            context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+            // Initialize our spy of the autowired (global) authorizeService bean.
+            // This allows us to customize the bean's method return values in tests below
+            authorizeServiceSpy = spy(authorizeService);
+            // "Wire" our spy to be used by the current loaded bitstreamService
+            // (To ensure it uses the spy instead of the real service)
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(bitstreamService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
         } catch (IOException ex) {
             log.error("IO Error in init", ex);
             fail("SQL Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
@@ -146,11 +166,10 @@ public class BitstreamTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRegister() throws IOException, SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow general Bitstream WRITE permissions
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class),
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
+                                                              eq(Constants.WRITE));
-            result = null;
+
-        }};
         int assetstore = 0;
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream registered = bitstreamService.register(context, assetstore, f.getName());
@@ -366,13 +385,9 @@ public class BitstreamTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testUpdateNotAdmin() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Disallow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-            // Disallow Bitstream WRITE perms
+        doThrow(new AuthorizeException()).when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, bs, Constants.WRITE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
 
-        }};
         //TODO: we need to verify the update, how?
         bitstreamService.update(context, bs);
     }
@@ -382,13 +397,8 @@ public class BitstreamTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testUpdateAdmin() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-            // Allow Bitstream WRITE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, bs, Constants.WRITE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
 
         //TODO: we need to verify the update, how?
         bitstreamService.update(context, bs);
@@ -399,21 +409,18 @@ public class BitstreamTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testDeleteAndExpunge() throws IOException, SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Bitstream WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.DELETE);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
         // Create a new bitstream, which we can delete. As ordering of these
         // tests is unpredictable we don't want to delete the global bitstream
+        context.ignoreAuthorization();
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream delBS = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
         UUID bitstreamId = delBS.getID();
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, delBS, Constants.WRITE);
+        // Allow Bitstream DELETE permissions
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, delBS, Constants.DELETE);
 
         // Test that delete will flag the bitstream as deleted
         assertFalse("testIsDeleted 0", delBS.isDeleted());
@@ -431,12 +438,8 @@ public class BitstreamTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
     @Test
     public void testRetrieveCanRead() throws IOException, SQLException,
         AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Bitstream READ permissions
-            // Allow Bitstream READ perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, bs, Constants.READ);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.READ);
-            result = null;
-        }};
 
         assertThat("testRetrieveCanRead 0", bitstreamService.retrieve(context, bs), notNullValue());
     }
@@ -447,12 +450,8 @@ public class BitstreamTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testRetrieveNoRead() throws IOException, SQLException,
         AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Disallow Bitstream READ permissions
-            // Disallow Bitstream READ perms
+        doThrow(new AuthorizeException()).when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, bs, Constants.READ);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.READ);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
 
         assertThat("testRetrieveNoRead 0", bitstreamService.retrieve(context, bs), notNullValue());
     }

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/BundleTest.java

@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.nullValue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
@@ -26,16 +31,17 @@ import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
 import org.apache.commons.collections4.CollectionUtils;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
 import org.dspace.authorize.ResourcePolicy;
+import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.core.Constants;
 import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
 
 /**
  * Units tests for class Bundle
@@ -56,6 +62,11 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
     private Collection collection;
     private Community owningCommunity;
 
+    /**
+     * Spy of AuthorizeService to use for tests
+     * (initialized / setup in @Before method)
+     */
+    private AuthorizeService authorizeServiceSpy;
 
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
@@ -79,6 +90,15 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
 
             //we need to commit the changes so we don't block the table for testing
             context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+            // Initialize our spy of the autowired (global) authorizeService bean.
+            // This allows us to customize the bean's method return values in tests below
+            authorizeServiceSpy = spy(authorizeService);
+            // "Wire" our spy to be used by the current loaded itemService, bundleService & bitstreamService
+            // (To ensure it uses the spy instead of the real service)
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(itemService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(bundleService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(bitstreamService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
         } catch (SQLException | AuthorizeException ex) {
             log.error("SQL Error in init", ex);
             fail("SQL Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
@@ -155,14 +175,9 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreate() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {
+        // Allow Item ADD permissions
-            {
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.ADD);
-                // Allow Bundle ADD perms
+
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
-                                                 Constants.ADD);
-                result = null;
-            }
-        };
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, item, "testCreateBundle");
         //the item created by default has no name nor type set
         assertThat("testCreate 0", created, notNullValue());
@@ -221,16 +236,14 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testSetPrimaryBitstreamID() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {
+        // Allow Item WRITE permissions
-            {
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.WRITE);
-                // Allow Bundle ADD perms
+        // Allow Bundle ADD permissions
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-                                                 Constants.ADD);
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-                                                 Constants.WRITE);
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
-                result = null;
+
-            }
-        };
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
         bundleService.addBitstream(context, b, bs);
@@ -243,16 +256,14 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testUnsetPrimaryBitstreamID() throws IOException, SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {
+        // Allow Item WRITE permissions
-            {
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.WRITE);
-                // Allow Bundle ADD perms
+        // Allow Bundle ADD permissions
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-                                                 Constants.ADD);
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-                                                 Constants.WRITE);
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
-                result = null;
+
-            }
-        };
         //set a value different than default
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
@@ -279,27 +290,25 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testGetBitstreamByName() throws FileNotFoundException, SQLException, IOException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Bundle ADD permissions
-            // Allow Bundle ADD perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-            result = null;
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
 
         String name = "name";
         //by default there is no bitstream
         assertThat("testGetHandle 0", bundleService.getBitstreamByName(b, name), nullValue());
 
         //let's add a bitstream
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
         bs.setName(context, name);
         bundleService.addBitstream(context, b, bs);
         bundleService.update(context, b);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
         assertThat("testGetHandle 1", bundleService.getBitstreamByName(b, name), notNullValue());
         assertThat("testGetHandle 2", bundleService.getBitstreamByName(b, name), equalTo(bs));
         assertThat("testGetHandle 3", bundleService.getBitstreamByName(b, name).getName(), equalTo(name));
@@ -310,27 +319,25 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testGetBitstreams() throws FileNotFoundException, SQLException, IOException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Bundle ADD permissions
-            // Allow Bundle ADD perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-            result = null;
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
 
         //default bundle has no bitstreams
         assertThat("testGetBitstreams 0", b.getBitstreams(), notNullValue());
         assertThat("testGetBitstreams 1", b.getBitstreams().size(), equalTo(0));
 
         //let's add a bitstream
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         String name = "name";
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
         bs.setName(context, name);
         bundleService.addBitstream(context, b, bs);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
         assertThat("testGetBitstreams 2", b.getBitstreams(), notNullValue());
         assertThat("testGetBitstreams 3", b.getBitstreams().size(), equalTo(1));
         assertThat("testGetBitstreams 4", b.getBitstreams().get(0).getName(), equalTo(name));
@@ -352,16 +359,11 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testCreateBitstreamNoAuth()
         throws FileNotFoundException, AuthorizeException, SQLException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Disallow Bundle ADD permissions
-            // Disallow Bundle ADD perms
+        doThrow(new AuthorizeException()).when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
 
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
-        Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.create(context, b, new FileInputStream(f));
+        bitstreamService.create(context, b, new FileInputStream(f));
         fail("Exception should be thrown");
     }
 
@@ -370,16 +372,13 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreateBitstreamAuth() throws FileNotFoundException, AuthorizeException, SQLException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Item WRITE permissions
-            // Allow Bundle ADD perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.WRITE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        // Allow Bundle ADD permissions
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
 
         String name = "name";
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
@@ -395,17 +394,12 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testRegisterBitstreamNoAuth() throws AuthorizeException, IOException, SQLException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Disallow Bundle ADD permissions
-            // Disallow Bundle ADD perms
+        doThrow(new AuthorizeException()).when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
 
         int assetstore = 0; //default assetstore
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
-        Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.register(context, b, assetstore, f.getAbsolutePath());
+        bitstreamService.register(context, b, assetstore, f.getAbsolutePath());
         fail("Exception should be thrown");
     }
 
@@ -414,16 +408,13 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRegisterBitstreamAuth() throws AuthorizeException, IOException, SQLException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Item WRITE permissions
-            // Allow Bundle ADD perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.WRITE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        // Allow Bundle ADD permissions
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-        }};
 
         int assetstore = 0;  //default assetstore
         String name = "name bitstream";
@@ -440,13 +431,8 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testAddBitstreamNoAuth() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Disallow Bundle ADD permissions
-            // Disallow Bundle ADD perms
+        doThrow(new AuthorizeException()).when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
 
         // create a new Bitstream to add to Bundle
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
@@ -461,16 +447,13 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testAddBitstreamAuth() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, FileNotFoundException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Item WRITE permissions
-            // Allow Bundle ADD perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.WRITE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        // Allow Bundle ADD permissions
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
 
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
@@ -487,17 +470,15 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testRemoveBitstreamNoAuth() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Disallow Bundle ADD permissions
-            // Disallow Bundle REMOVE perms
+        doThrow(new AuthorizeException()).when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.REMOVE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
 
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
         bs.setName(context, "name");
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
         bundleService.removeBitstream(context, b, bs);
         fail("Exception should have been thrown");
     }
@@ -507,28 +488,26 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRemoveBitstreamAuth() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Item WRITE permissions (to create a new bitstream)
-            // Allow Bundle ADD perms (to create a new Bitstream and add it)
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.WRITE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        // Allow Bundle ADD permissions (to create a new bitstream)
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
+        // Allow Bundle REMOVE permissions
-            // Allow Bundle REMOVE perms (to test remove)
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.REMOVE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-            result = null;
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
+        // Allow Bitstream DELETE permissions
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-            result = null;
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.DELETE));
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.DELETE);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
 
         // Create a new Bitstream to test with
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
         bundleService.addBitstream(context, b, bs);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
         bundleService.removeBitstream(context, b, bs);
         assertThat("testRemoveBitstreamAuth 0", bundleService.getBitstreamByName(b, bs.getName()), nullValue());
     }
@@ -549,19 +528,10 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testDelete() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Item REMOVE permissions
-            // Allow Bundle ADD perms (to create a new Bitstream and add it)
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.REMOVE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        // Allow Bundle DELETE permissions
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.DELETE);
-            result = null;
-            // Allow Bundle REMOVE perms (to test remove)
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
-                                             Constants.DELETE);
-            result = null;
-        }};
 
         UUID id = b.getID();
         itemService.removeBundle(context, item, b);
@@ -676,17 +646,18 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
 
     @Test
     public void testSetOrder() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, FileNotFoundException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Item WRITE permissions
-            // Allow Bundle ADD perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.WRITE);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bundle) any,
+        // Allow Bundle ADD permissions
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
+        // Allow Bundle WRITE permissions
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Bitstream) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, b, Constants.WRITE);
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE permissions
-            result = null;
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-        }};
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
 
         // Create three Bitstreams to test ordering with. Give them different names
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream bs = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
         bs.setName(context, "bitstream1");
@@ -697,6 +668,7 @@ public class BundleTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
         Bitstream bs3 = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
         bs3.setName(context, "bitstream3");
         bundleService.addBitstream(context, b, bs3);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
         // Assert Bitstreams are in the order added
         Bitstream[] bitstreams = b.getBitstreams().toArray(new Bitstream[b.getBitstreams().size()]);

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/DCDateTest.java

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.TimeZone;
 
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.time.DateUtils;
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
@@ -28,11 +27,6 @@ import org.junit.Test;
  * @author pvillega
  */
 public class DCDateTest {
-    /**
-     * log4j category
-     */
-    private static Logger log = org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(DCDateTest.class);
-
     /**
      * Object to use in the tests
      */

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/EntityServiceImplTest.java

@@ -8,16 +8,14 @@
 package org.dspace.content;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
-import org.dspace.content.dao.RelationshipTypeDAO;
 import org.dspace.content.service.EntityTypeService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.ItemService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.RelationshipService;
@@ -27,7 +25,7 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class EntityServiceImplTest  {
@@ -60,10 +58,8 @@ public class EntityServiceImplTest  {
     public void testfindByItemId() throws Exception {
         // Declare objects utilized in unit test
         Item item = mock(Item.class);
-        List<Relationship> relationshipList = new ArrayList<>();
         Relationship relationship = mock(Relationship.class);
         relationship.setId(9);
-        relationshipList.add(relationship);
 
         // Mock the state of objects utilized in findByItemId() to meet the success criteria of an invocation
         when(itemService.find(any(), any())).thenReturn(item);
@@ -79,10 +75,6 @@ public class EntityServiceImplTest  {
         // Declare objects utilized in unit test
         Entity entity = mock(Entity.class);
         EntityTypeService entityTypeService = mock(EntityTypeService.class);
-        Item item = mock(Item.class);
-        List<MetadataValue> list = new ArrayList<>();
-        MetadataValue metadataValue = mock(MetadataValue.class);
-        list.add(metadataValue);
         EntityType entityType = entityTypeService.findByEntityType(context, "testType");
 
         // The returned EntityType should equal our defined entityType case
@@ -151,11 +143,7 @@ public class EntityServiceImplTest  {
     @Test
     public void testGetAllRelationshipTypes() throws Exception {
         // Declare objects utilized for this test
-        List<MetadataValue> list = new ArrayList<>();
-        MetadataValue metadataValue = mock(MetadataValue.class);
-        list.add(metadataValue);
         Item item = mock(Item.class);
-        RelationshipTypeDAO relationshipTypeDAO = mock(RelationshipTypeDAO.class);
         Entity entity = mock(Entity.class);
         RelationshipType relationshipType = mock(RelationshipType.class);
         relationshipType.setLeftType(leftType);
@@ -185,7 +173,7 @@ public class EntityServiceImplTest  {
         RelationshipType relationshipType = mock(RelationshipType.class);
 
         // Currently this unit test will only test one case with one relationshipType
-        List<RelationshipType> relationshipTypeList = new LinkedList<>();
+        List<RelationshipType> relationshipTypeList = new ArrayList<>();
         relationshipTypeList.add(relationshipType);
         List<MetadataValue> metsList = new ArrayList<>();
         MetadataValue metadataValue = mock(MetadataValue.class);
@@ -213,7 +201,7 @@ public class EntityServiceImplTest  {
         RelationshipType relationshipType = mock(RelationshipType.class);
 
         // Currently this unit test will only test one case with one relationshipType
-        List<RelationshipType> relationshipTypeList = new LinkedList<>();
+        List<RelationshipType> relationshipTypeList = new ArrayList<>();
         relationshipTypeList.add(relationshipType);
         List<MetadataValue> metsList = new ArrayList<>();
         MetadataValue metadataValue = mock(MetadataValue.class);
@@ -236,7 +224,7 @@ public class EntityServiceImplTest  {
     @Test
     public void testGetRelationshipTypesByTypeName() throws Exception {
         // Declare objects utilized in unit test
-        List<RelationshipType> list = new LinkedList<>();
+        List<RelationshipType> list = new ArrayList<>();
         RelationshipType relationshipType = mock(RelationshipType.class);
         list.add(relationshipType);
 

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/EntityTypeServiceImplTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 package org.dspace.content;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.Mockito;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class EntityTypeServiceImplTest   {

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/FormatIdentifierTest.java

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.content.service.BitstreamFormatService;
@@ -30,11 +29,6 @@ import org.junit.Test;
  */
 public class FormatIdentifierTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
 
-    /**
-     * log4j category
-     */
-    private static final Logger log = org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(FormatIdentifierTest.class);
-
     protected BitstreamService bitstreamService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getBitstreamService();
     protected BitstreamFormatService bitstreamFormatService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance()
                                                                                    .getBitstreamFormatService();
@@ -71,8 +65,8 @@ public class FormatIdentifierTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     @Test
     public void testGuessFormat() throws Exception {
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
-        Bitstream bs = null;
+        Bitstream bs;
-        BitstreamFormat result = null;
+        BitstreamFormat result;
         BitstreamFormat pdf = bitstreamFormatService.findByShortDescription(context, "Adobe PDF");
 
         //test null filename

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/ITCommunityCollection.java

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractIntegrationTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
@@ -48,11 +47,6 @@ import org.junit.Test;
  * @author tdonohue
  */
 public class ITCommunityCollection extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
-    /**
-     * log4j category
-     */
-    private static final Logger log = org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(ITCommunityCollection.class);
-
     protected CommunityService communityService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getCommunityService();
     protected CollectionService collectionService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getCollectionService();
     protected ItemService itemService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getItemService();
@@ -107,8 +101,8 @@ public class ITCommunityCollection extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
         //verify it works as expected
         assertThat("testCreateTree 0", parent.getParentCommunities().size(), is(0));
         assertThat("testCreateTree 1", child1.getParentCommunities().get(0), equalTo(parent));
-        assertThat("testCreateTree 2", (Community) collectionService.getParentObject(context, col1), equalTo(child1));
+        assertThat("testCreateTree 2", collectionService.getParentObject(context, col1), equalTo(child1));
-        assertThat("testCreateTree 3", (Community) collectionService.getParentObject(context, col2), equalTo(child1));
+        assertThat("testCreateTree 3", collectionService.getParentObject(context, col2), equalTo(child1));
 
         context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         communityService.delete(context, parent);
@@ -133,8 +127,8 @@ public class ITCommunityCollection extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
         //verify it works as expected
-        assertThat("testCreateItems 0", (Collection) itemService.getParentObject(context, item1), equalTo(col1));
+        assertThat("testCreateItems 0", itemService.getParentObject(context, item1), equalTo(col1));
-        assertThat("testCreateItems 1", (Collection) itemService.getParentObject(context, item2), equalTo(col2));
+        assertThat("testCreateItems 1", itemService.getParentObject(context, item2), equalTo(col2));
 
         context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         communityService.delete(context, parent);
@@ -158,8 +152,8 @@ public class ITCommunityCollection extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
 
         // Add same number of items to each collection
         for (int count = 0; count < items_per_collection; count++) {
-            Item item1 = installItemService.installItem(context, workspaceItemService.create(context, col1, false));
+            installItemService.installItem(context, workspaceItemService.create(context, col1, false));
-            Item item2 = installItemService.installItem(context, workspaceItemService.create(context, col2, false));
+            installItemService.installItem(context, workspaceItemService.create(context, col2, false));
         }
 
         // Finally, let's throw in a small wrench and add a mapped item
@@ -229,7 +223,6 @@ public class ITCommunityCollection extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
         context.setCurrentUser(commAdmin);
 
         // Test deletion of single Bitstream as a Community Admin (delete just flags as deleted)
-        UUID bitstreamId = bitstream.getID();
         bitstreamService.delete(context, bitstream);
         assertTrue("Community Admin unable to flag Bitstream as deleted",
                    bitstream.isDeleted());
@@ -312,7 +305,6 @@ public class ITCommunityCollection extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
         context.setCurrentUser(collAdmin);
 
         // Test deletion of single Bitstream as a Collection Admin (delete just flags as deleted)
-        UUID bitstreamId = bitstream2.getID();
         bitstreamService.delete(context, bitstream2);
         assertTrue("Collection Admin unable to flag Bitstream as deleted",
                    bitstream2.isDeleted());
@@ -327,7 +319,6 @@ public class ITCommunityCollection extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
         // Test deletion of single Item as a Collection Admin
         UUID itemId = item.getID();
         bundleId = bundle.getID();
-        bitstreamId = bitstream.getID();
         itemService.delete(context, item);
         assertThat("Collection Admin unable to delete sub-Item",
                    itemService.find(context, itemId), nullValue());

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/ITMetadata.java

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractIntegrationTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
@@ -37,11 +36,6 @@ import org.junit.Test;
  * @author pvillega
  */
 public class ITMetadata extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
-    /**
-     * log4j category
-     */
-    private static final Logger log = org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(ITMetadata.class);
-
 
     protected CommunityService communityService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getCommunityService();
     protected CollectionService collectionService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getCollectionService();

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/InProgressSubmissionTest.java

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
  */
 package org.dspace.content;
 
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
@@ -23,11 +22,6 @@ import org.junit.Test;
  */
 public class InProgressSubmissionTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
 
-    /**
-     * log4j category
-     */
-    private static final Logger log = org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(InProgressSubmissionTest.class);
-
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
      * initialize resources required for the tests.

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/InstallItemTest.java

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
@@ -21,24 +23,22 @@ import java.util.Calendar;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.TimeZone;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
+import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.content.service.CollectionService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.CommunityService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.InstallItemService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.ItemService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.WorkspaceItemService;
-import org.dspace.core.Constants;
-import org.dspace.core.Context;
-import org.dspace.eperson.EPerson;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.rules.ExpectedException;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
 
 /**
  * Unit Tests for class InstallItem
@@ -57,6 +57,12 @@ public class InstallItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     private Collection collection;
     private Community owningCommunity;
 
+    /**
+     * Spy of AuthorizeService to use for tests
+     * (initialized / setup in @Before method)
+     */
+    private AuthorizeService authorizeServiceSpy;
+
     /**
      * log4j category
      */
@@ -78,6 +84,14 @@ public class InstallItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
             this.owningCommunity = communityService.create(null, context);
             this.collection = collectionService.create(context, owningCommunity);
             context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+            // Initialize our spy of the autowired (global) authorizeService bean.
+            // This allows us to customize the bean's method return values in tests below
+            authorizeServiceSpy = spy(authorizeService);
+            // "Wire" our spy to be used by the current loaded workspaceItemService and collectionService
+            // (To ensure it uses the spy instead of the real service)
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(workspaceItemService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(collectionService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
         } catch (SQLException | AuthorizeException ex) {
             log.error("SQL Error in init", ex);
             fail("SQL Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
@@ -140,30 +154,22 @@ public class InstallItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     /**
      * Test of installItem method (with an invalid handle), of class InstallItem.
      */
-    @Test
+    @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testInstallItem_invalidHandle() throws Exception {
-        //Default to Full-Admin rights
+        // Allow full Admin rights
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            // Deny Community ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.ADD);
-            result = false;
-            // Allow full Admin perms
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any, (EPerson) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
-        String handle = "123456789/56789";
+        // create two items for tests
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         WorkspaceItem is = workspaceItemService.create(context, collection, false);
         WorkspaceItem is2 = workspaceItemService.create(context, collection, false);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
         //Test assigning the same Handle to two different items
+        String handle = "123456789/56789";
         installItemService.installItem(context, is, handle);
 
         // Assigning the same handle again should throw a RuntimeException
-        thrown.expect(RuntimeException.class);
         installItemService.installItem(context, is2, handle);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/ItemComparatorTest.java

@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ public class ItemComparatorTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCompare() throws SQLException {
-        int result = 0;
+        int result;
-        ItemComparator ic = null;
+        ItemComparator ic;
 
         //one of the tiems has no value
         ic = new ItemComparator("test", "one", Item.ANY, true);
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ public class ItemComparatorTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     @SuppressWarnings( {"ObjectEqualsNull", "IncompatibleEquals"})
     public void testEquals() {
         ItemComparator ic = new ItemComparator("test", "one", Item.ANY, true);
-        ItemComparator target = null;
+        ItemComparator target;
 
         assertFalse("testEquals 0", ic.equals(null));
         assertFalse("testEquals 1", ic.equals("test one"));

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/ItemTest.java

@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
@@ -28,15 +33,14 @@ import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.time.DateUtils;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
-import org.dspace.app.util.AuthorizeUtil;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
 import org.dspace.authorize.ResourcePolicy;
+import org.dspace.authorize.factory.AuthorizeServiceFactory;
+import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.content.service.BitstreamFormatService;
-import org.dspace.content.service.CollectionService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.MetadataFieldService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.MetadataSchemaService;
 import org.dspace.core.Constants;
@@ -46,6 +50,7 @@ import org.dspace.eperson.Group;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
 
 /**
  * Unit Tests for class Item
@@ -70,11 +75,15 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
                                                                                  .getBitstreamFormatService();
     private MetadataFieldService metadataFieldService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getMetadataFieldService();
 
-    private CollectionService collectionService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getCollectionService();
-
     private Collection collection;
     private Community owningCommunity;
 
+    /**
+     * Spy of AuthorizeService to use for tests
+     * (initialized / setup in @Before method)
+     */
+    private AuthorizeService authorizeServiceSpy;
+
 
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
@@ -92,14 +101,24 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
             context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
             this.owningCommunity = communityService.create(null, context);
             this.collection = collectionService.create(context, owningCommunity);
-            WorkspaceItem workspaceItem = workspaceItemService.create(context, collection, false);
+            WorkspaceItem workspaceItem = workspaceItemService.create(context, collection, true);
             this.it = installItemService.installItem(context, workspaceItem);
-
-            it.setSubmitter(context.getCurrentUser());
-            itemService.update(context, it);
             this.dspaceObject = it;
-            //we need to commit the changes so we don't block the table for testing
             context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+            // Initialize our spy of the autowired (global) authorizeService bean.
+            // This allows us to customize the bean's method return values in tests below
+            authorizeServiceSpy = spy(authorizeService);
+            // "Wire" our spy to be used by the current loaded object services
+            // (To ensure these services use the spy instead of the real service)
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(collectionService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(itemService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(workspaceItemService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(bundleService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(bitstreamService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            // Also wire into current AuthorizeServiceFactory, as that is used for some checks (e.g. AuthorizeUtil)
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(AuthorizeServiceFactory.getInstance(), "authorizeService",
+                                         authorizeServiceSpy);
         } catch (AuthorizeException ex) {
             log.error("Authorization Error in init", ex);
             fail("Authorization Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
@@ -169,15 +188,9 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreate() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow Collection WRITE perms
-            // Allow Item ADD perms (needed to create an Item)
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, collection, Constants.ADD);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
+
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-        }};
         Item created = createItem();
         assertThat("testCreate 0", created, notNullValue());
         assertThat("testCreate 1", created.getName(), nullValue());
@@ -292,6 +305,7 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
         // Test 7: We should not find our item in this list
         assertFalse("List should not contain non-discoverable items", added);
     }
+
      /**
      * Test of findInArchiveOrWithdrawnNonDiscoverableModifiedSince method, of class Item.
      */
@@ -787,13 +801,8 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreateBundleAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.ADD);
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
 
         String name = "bundle";
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
@@ -808,16 +817,7 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = SQLException.class)
     public void testCreateBundleNoName() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        bundleService.create(context, it, "");
-            // Allow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
-
-        String name = "";
-        Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
 
@@ -825,36 +825,18 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      * Test of createBundle method, of class Item.
      */
     @Test(expected = SQLException.class)
-    public void testCreateBundleNoName2() throws Exception {
+    public void testCreateBundleNullName() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        bundleService.create(context, it, null);
-            // Allow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
-
-        String name = null;
-        Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
 
-
     /**
      * Test of createBundle method, of class Item.
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testCreateBundleNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
-
         String name = "bundle";
-        Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
+        bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
 
@@ -863,17 +845,13 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testAddBundleAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.ADD);
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
 
         String name = "bundle";
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         created.setName(context, name);
+        itemService.addBundle(context, it, created);
 
         assertThat("testAddBundleAuth 0", itemService.getBundles(it, name), notNullValue());
         assertTrue("testAddBundleAuth 1", itemService.getBundles(it, name).size() == 1);
@@ -885,19 +863,10 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testAddBundleNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
-
         String name = "bundle";
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         created.setName(context, name);
-
+        itemService.addBundle(context, it, created);
-        it.addBundle(created);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
 
@@ -906,23 +875,18 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRemoveBundleAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // First create a bundle for test
-            // Allow Item ADD and REMOVE perms
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.DELETE);
-            result = null;
-        }};
-
         String name = "bundle";
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         created.setName(context, name);
         itemService.addBundle(context, it, created);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+        // Allow Item REMOVE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.REMOVE);
+        // Allow Bundle DELETE
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, created, Constants.DELETE);
 
         itemService.removeBundle(context, it, created);
         assertThat("testRemoveBundleAuth 0", itemService.getBundles(it, name), notNullValue());
@@ -934,21 +898,13 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testRemoveBundleNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // First create a bundle for test
-            // Allow Item ADD perms
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-            // Disallow Item REMOVE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
-
         String name = "bundle";
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         created.setName(context, name);
-        it.addBundle(created);
+        itemService.addBundle(context, it, created);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
         itemService.removeBundle(context, it, created);
         fail("Exception expected");
@@ -959,15 +915,15 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreateSingleBitstream_InputStream_StringAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.ADD);
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        // Allow Item WRITE perms
-            result = null;
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.WRITE, true);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        // Allow Bundle ADD perms
-                                             Constants.WRITE, true);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bundle.class), eq(Constants.ADD));
-            result = null;
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE perms
-        }};
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
 
         String name = "new bundle";
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
@@ -980,17 +936,9 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testCreateSingleBitstream_InputStream_StringNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
-
         String name = "new bundle";
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
-        Bitstream result = itemService.createSingleBitstream(context, new FileInputStream(f), it, name);
+        itemService.createSingleBitstream(context, new FileInputStream(f), it, name);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
 
@@ -999,16 +947,16 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreateSingleBitstream_InputStreamAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.ADD);
-                                             Constants.ADD);
+        // Allow Item WRITE perms
-            result = null;
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.WRITE, true);
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        // Allow Bundle ADD perms
-                                             Constants.WRITE, true);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bundle.class), eq(Constants.ADD));
-            result = null;
+        // Allow Bitstream WRITE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy)
+                   .authorizeAction(any(Context.class), any(Bitstream.class), eq(Constants.WRITE));
 
-        }};
 
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
         Bitstream result = itemService.createSingleBitstream(context, new FileInputStream(f), it);
@@ -1020,16 +968,8 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testCreateSingleBitstream_InputStreamNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
-
         File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
-        Bitstream result = itemService.createSingleBitstream(context, new FileInputStream(f), it);
+        itemService.createSingleBitstream(context, new FileInputStream(f), it);
         fail("Expected exception");
     }
 
@@ -1047,23 +987,17 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRemoveDSpaceLicenseAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // First create a bundle for test
-            // Allow Item ADD and REMOVE perms
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.DELETE);
-            result = null;
-        }};
-
         String name = "LICENSE";
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         created.setName(context, name);
-//        it.addBundle(created);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+        // Allow Item REMOVE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.REMOVE);
+        // Allow Bundle DELETE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, created, Constants.DELETE);
 
         itemService.removeDSpaceLicense(context, it);
         assertThat("testRemoveDSpaceLicenseAuth 0", itemService.getBundles(it, name), notNullValue());
@@ -1075,20 +1009,12 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testRemoveDSpaceLicenseNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // First create a bundle for test
-            // Allow Item ADD perms
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-            // Disallow Item REMOVE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
-
         String name = "LICENSE";
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         created.setName(context, name);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
         itemService.removeDSpaceLicense(context, it);
         fail("Exception expected");
@@ -1099,23 +1025,8 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRemoveLicensesAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // First create test content
-            // Allow Item ADD and REMOVE perms
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, (Bitstream) any,
-                                             Constants.DELETE);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
-
         String name = "LICENSE";
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         created.setName(context, name);
@@ -1125,7 +1036,18 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
         Bitstream result = itemService.createSingleBitstream(context, new FileInputStream(f), it, bsname);
         bitstreamService.setFormat(context, result, bitstreamFormatService.findByShortDescription(context, bsname));
         bundleService.addBitstream(context, created, result);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
+        // Allow Item REMOVE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.REMOVE);
+        // Allow Item WRITE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.WRITE);
+        // Allow Bundle REMOVE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, created, Constants.REMOVE);
+        // Allow Bundle DELETE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, created, Constants.DELETE);
+        // Allow Bitstream DELETE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, result, Constants.DELETE);
 
         itemService.removeLicenses(context, it);
         assertThat("testRemoveLicensesAuth 0", itemService.getBundles(it, name), notNullValue());
@@ -1137,17 +1059,8 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testRemoveLicensesNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {
+        // First create test content
-            {
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                 Constants.ADD);
-                result = null;
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                 Constants.REMOVE);
-                result = new AuthorizeException();
-            }
-        };
-
         String name = "LICENSE";
         Bundle created = bundleService.create(context, it, name);
         created.setName(context, name);
@@ -1157,6 +1070,7 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
         Bitstream result = itemService.createSingleBitstream(context, new FileInputStream(f), it, bsname);
         bitstreamService.setFormat(context, result, bitstreamFormatService.findByShortDescription(context, bsname));
         bundleService.addBitstream(context, created, result);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
         itemService.removeLicenses(context, it);
         fail("Exception expected");
@@ -1167,15 +1081,9 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testUpdateAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.WRITE);
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
 
-        }};
-
-        //TOOD: how to test?
         itemService.update(context, it);
     }
 
@@ -1184,32 +1092,14 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testUpdateAuth2() throws Exception {
-        // Test permission inheritence
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-            // Allow parent Community WRITE and ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE, true);
-            result = true;
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.ADD, true);
-            result = true;
-            // Disallow parent Collection WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, true);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
-
         context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         Collection c = createCollection();
         it.setOwningCollection(c);
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
-        //TOOD: how to test?
+        // Allow parent Collection WRITE perms (to test inheritance)
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, c, Constants.WRITE, false);
+
         itemService.update(context, it);
     }
 
@@ -1218,31 +1108,11 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testUpdateNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        // Test permission inheritence
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-            // Disallow parent Community WRITE or ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE, anyBoolean);
-            result = false;
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.ADD, anyBoolean);
-            result = false;
-            // Disallow parent Collection WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, anyBoolean);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
-
         context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         Collection c = createCollection();
         it.setOwningCollection(c);
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
-        //TOOD: how to test?
         itemService.update(context, it);
     }
 
@@ -1251,18 +1121,10 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testWithdrawAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(AuthorizeUtil.class) {{
+        // Allow Item WRITE perms
-            // Allow Item withdraw permissions
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.WRITE);
-            AuthorizeUtil.authorizeWithdrawItem((Context) any, (Item) any);
+        // Allow Collection ADMIN perms
-            result = null;
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.authorizeActionBoolean(context, collection, Constants.ADMIN)).thenReturn(true);
-        }};
-
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
 
         itemService.withdraw(context, it);
         assertTrue("testWithdrawAuth 0", it.isWithdrawn());
@@ -1273,13 +1135,6 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testWithdrawNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(AuthorizeUtil.class) {{
-            // Disallow Item withdraw permissions
-            AuthorizeUtil.authorizeWithdrawItem((Context) any, (Item) any);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-
-        }};
-
         itemService.withdraw(context, it);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
@@ -1289,21 +1144,16 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testReinstateAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(AuthorizeUtil.class) {{
+        // Allow Item WRITE perms
-            AuthorizeUtil.authorizeWithdrawItem((Context) any, (Item) any);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
+        // Allow Collection ADD perms (needed to reinstate)
-            AuthorizeUtil.authorizeReinstateItem((Context) any, (Item) any);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, collection, Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Item withdraw and reinstate permissions
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-        }};
 
+        // initialize item as withdrawn
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         itemService.withdraw(context, it);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
         itemService.reinstate(context, it);
         assertFalse("testReinstate 0", it.isWithdrawn());
     }
@@ -1313,21 +1163,11 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testReinstateNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(AuthorizeUtil.class) {{
+        // initialize item as withdrawn
-            // Allow Item withdraw permissions
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-            AuthorizeUtil.authorizeWithdrawItem((Context) any, (Item) any);
-            result = null;
-            // Disallow Item reinstate permissions
-            AuthorizeUtil.authorizeReinstateItem((Context) any, (Item) any);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-        }};
-
         itemService.withdraw(context, it);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
         itemService.reinstate(context, it);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
@@ -1337,21 +1177,20 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testDeleteAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // create a new item to delete
-            // Allow Item REMOVE perms
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        Item item = createItem();
-                                             Constants.REMOVE, true);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.DELETE, true);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-        }};
 
-        UUID id = it.getID();
+        // Allow Item REMOVE perms
-        itemService.delete(context, it);
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.REMOVE, true);
+        // Allow Item DELETE perms
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.DELETE);
+        // Allow Item WRITE perms (required to first delete identifiers)
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, item, Constants.WRITE);
+
+        UUID id = item.getID();
+        itemService.delete(context, item);
         Item found = itemService.find(context, id);
         assertThat("testDeleteAuth 0", found, nullValue());
     }
@@ -1361,13 +1200,6 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testDeleteNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item REMOVE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
-
         itemService.delete(context, it);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
@@ -1378,30 +1210,21 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
     @Test
     @SuppressWarnings("ObjectEqualsNull")
     public void testEquals() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException, IllegalAccessException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Item ADD perms (needed to create an Item)
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.DELETE);
-            result = null;
-
-        }};
-
         assertFalse("testEquals 0", it.equals(null));
+
+        // create a new item to test against
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         Item item = createItem();
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
         try {
             assertFalse("testEquals 1", it.equals(item));
             assertTrue("testEquals 2", it.equals(it));
         } finally {
+            //delete item we created
+            context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
             itemService.delete(context, item);
+            context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         }
     }
 
@@ -1435,13 +1258,6 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
         List<ResourcePolicy> newpolicies = new ArrayList<ResourcePolicy>();
         ResourcePolicy pol1 = resourcePolicyService.create(context);
         newpolicies.add(pol1);
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {
-            {
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                 Constants.WRITE);
-                result = null;
-            }
-        };
         itemService.replaceAllItemPolicies(context, it, newpolicies);
 
         List<ResourcePolicy> retrieved = authorizeService.getPolicies(context, it);
@@ -1544,13 +1360,8 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
 
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {
+        // Allow Item WRITE perms
-            {
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, it, Constants.WRITE, true);
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                 Constants.WRITE, true);
-                result = null;
-            }
-        };
 
         itemService.inheritCollectionDefaultPolicies(context, it, c);
 
@@ -1630,24 +1441,8 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCanEditBooleanAuth() throws Exception {
-        // Test Inheritance of permissions
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.authorizeActionBoolean(context, it, Constants.WRITE)).thenReturn(true);
-                                                    Constants.WRITE);
-            result = true;
-            // Allow parent Community WRITE and ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE, true);
-            result = true;
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.ADD, true);
-            result = true;
-            // Allow parent Collection WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, true);
-            result = null;
-        }};
 
         assertTrue("testCanEditBooleanAuth 0", itemService.canEdit(context, it));
     }
@@ -1657,24 +1452,9 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCanEditBooleanAuth2() throws Exception {
-        // Test Inheritance of permissions
+        // Allow parent Community WRITE perms (test inheritance from community)
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.authorizeActionBoolean(context, owningCommunity, Constants.WRITE, false))
-            // Disallow Item WRITE perms
+            .thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE);
-            result = false;
-            // Allow parent Community WRITE and ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE, true);
-            result = true;
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.ADD, true);
-            result = true;
-            // Allow parent Collection WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, false);
-            result = null;
-        }};
 
         assertTrue("testCanEditBooleanAuth2 0", itemService.canEdit(context, it));
     }
@@ -1684,107 +1464,24 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCanEditBooleanAuth3() throws Exception {
-        // Test Inheritance of permissions for owning collection
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE);
-            result = false;
-            // Allow parent Collection WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, false);
-            result = null;
-        }};
-
         // Create a new Collection and assign it as the owner
         context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         Collection c = createCollection();
         it.setOwningCollection(c);
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
+        // Allow parent Collection WRITE perms (test inheritance from new collection)
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, c, Constants.WRITE, false);
+
         // Ensure person with WRITE perms on the Collection can edit item
         assertTrue("testCanEditBooleanAuth3 0", itemService.canEdit(context, it));
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Test of canEdit method, of class Item.
-     */
-    @Test
-    public void testCanEditBooleanAuth4() throws Exception {
-        // Test Inheritance of permissions for Community Admins
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE);
-            result = false;
-            // Allow parent Community WRITE and ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE, true);
-            result = true;
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.ADD, false);
-            result = true;
-            // Disallow parent Collection WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, true);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
-
-        // Ensure person with WRITE perms on the Collection can edit item
-        assertTrue("testCanEditBooleanAuth4 0", itemService.canEdit(context, it));
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Test of canEdit method, of class Item.
-     */
-    @Test
-    public void testCanEditBooleanAuth5() throws Exception {
-        // Test Inheritance of permissions
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-            // Allow Collection WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, anyBoolean);
-            result = null;
-        }};
-
-        collectionService.createTemplateItem(context, collection);
-        collectionService.update(context, collection);
-        assertTrue("testCanEditBooleanNoAuth5 0", itemService.canEdit(context, collection.getTemplateItem()));
-    }
-
     /**
      * Test of canEdit method, of class Item.
      */
     @Test
     public void testCanEditBooleanNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        // Test Inheritance of permissions
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE);
-            result = false;
-            // Disallow parent Community WRITE and ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.WRITE, anyBoolean);
-            result = false;
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                                    Constants.ADD, anyBoolean);
-            result = false;
-            // Disallow parent Collection WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, anyBoolean);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
-
-        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-        Collection c = createCollection();
-        it.setOwningCollection(c);
-        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
-
         assertFalse("testCanEditBooleanNoAuth 0", itemService.canEdit(context, it));
     }
 
@@ -1793,17 +1490,16 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCanEditBooleanNoAuth2() throws Exception {
+        // Test that a new Item cannot be edited by default
         context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         WorkspaceItem wi = workspaceItemService.create(context, collection, true);
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
-        // Test Inheritance of permissions
+        Item item = wi.getItem();
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+
         // Disallow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.authorizeActionBoolean(context, item, Constants.WRITE)).thenReturn(false);
-                                             Constants.WRITE, anyBoolean);
+
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
+        assertFalse("testCanEditBooleanNoAuth2 0", itemService.canEdit(context, item));
-        }};
-        assertFalse("testCanEditBooleanNoAuth2 0", itemService.canEdit(context, wi.getItem()));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1880,15 +1576,11 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
         assertThat("testFindByMetadataField 0", result, notNullValue());
         assertFalse("testFindByMetadataField 1", result.hasNext());
 
+        // add new metadata to item
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         itemService.addMetadata(context, it, schema, element, qualifier, Item.ANY, value);
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {
-            {
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                 Constants.WRITE);
-                result = null;
-            }
-        };
         itemService.update(context, it);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
         result = itemService.findByMetadataField(context, schema, element, qualifier, value);
         assertThat("testFindByMetadataField 3", result, notNullValue());
@@ -1929,7 +1621,7 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
             assertThat("testGetParentObject 1", itemService.getParentObject(context, it), notNullValue());
             assertThat("testGetParentObject 2", (Collection) itemService.getParentObject(context, it), equalTo(parent));
         } catch (AuthorizeException ex) {
-            fail("Authorize exception catched");
+            throw new AssertionError("Authorize Exception occurred", ex);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1949,16 +1641,11 @@ public class ItemTest extends AbstractDSpaceObjectTest {
         assertThat("testFindByAuthorityValue 0", result, notNullValue());
         assertFalse("testFindByAuthorityValue 1", result.hasNext());
 
+        // add new metadata (with authority) to item
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
         itemService.addMetadata(context, it, schema, element, qualifier, Item.ANY, value, authority, confidence);
-        //Ensure that the current user can update the item
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {
-            {
-                authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
-                                                 Constants.WRITE);
-                result = null;
-            }
-        };
         itemService.update(context, it);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
         result = itemService.findByAuthorityValue(context, schema, element, qualifier, authority);
         assertThat("testFindByAuthorityValue 3", result, notNullValue());

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/LicenseUtilsTest.java

@@ -104,11 +104,11 @@ public class LicenseUtilsTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     @Test
     public void testGetLicenseText_5args() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
         //parameters for the test
-        Locale locale = null;
+        Locale locale;
-        Collection collection = null;
+        Collection collection;
-        Item item = null;
+        Item item;
-        EPerson person = null;
+        EPerson person;
-        Map<String, Object> additionalInfo = null;
+        Map<String, Object> additionalInfo;
 
         // We don't test attribute 4 as this is the date, and the date often differs between when the test
         // is executed, and when the LicenceUtils code gets the current date/time which causes the test to fail
@@ -195,10 +195,10 @@ public class LicenseUtilsTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     @Test
     public void testGetLicenseText_4args() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
         //parameters for the test
-        Locale locale = null;
+        Locale locale;
-        Collection collection = null;
+        Collection collection;
-        Item item = null;
+        Item item;
-        EPerson person = null;
+        EPerson person;
 
         String template = "Template license: %1$s %2$s %3$s %5$s %6$s";
         String templateResult = "Template license: first name last name testgetlicensetext_4args@email.com  ";

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/MetadataFieldTest.java

@@ -13,20 +13,23 @@ import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.nullValue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
+import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.content.service.MetadataFieldService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.MetadataSchemaService;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
 
 /**
  * Unit Tests for class MetadataFieldTest
@@ -66,6 +69,12 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
                                                                                  .getMetadataSchemaService();
     protected MetadataFieldService metadataFieldService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getMetadataFieldService();
 
+    /**
+     * Spy of AuthorizeService to use for tests
+     * (initialized / setup in @Before method)
+     */
+    private AuthorizeService authorizeServiceSpy;
+
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
      * initialize resources required for the tests.
@@ -90,6 +99,14 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
             }
 
             this.mf.setScopeNote(scopeNote);
+
+            // Initialize our spy of the autowired (global) authorizeService bean.
+            // This allows us to customize the bean's method return values in tests below
+            authorizeServiceSpy = spy(authorizeService);
+            // "Wire" our spy to be used by the current loaded object services
+            // (To ensure these services use the spy instead of the real service)
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(metadataFieldService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(metadataSchemaService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
         } catch (SQLException ex) {
             log.error("SQL Error in init", ex);
             fail("SQL Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
@@ -173,11 +190,9 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testSetSchema() throws NonUniqueMetadataException, SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
+
-            result = true;
-        }};
         MetadataSchema newSchema = metadataSchemaService.create(context, "testSetSchema", "testSetSchemaNS");
         mf.setMetadataSchema(newSchema);
         assertThat("testSetSchemaID 0", mf.getMetadataSchema(), equalTo(newSchema));
@@ -206,11 +221,8 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreateAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String elem = "elem1";
         String qual = "qual1";
@@ -225,12 +237,6 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testCreateNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow full admin permissions
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = false;
-        }};
-
         String elem = "elem1";
         String qual = "qual1";
         metadataFieldService.create(context, dcSchema, elem, qual, null);
@@ -242,11 +248,8 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = NonUniqueMetadataException.class)
     public void testCreateRepeated() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String elem = element;
         String qual = qualifier;
@@ -310,11 +313,8 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testUpdateAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String elem = "elem2";
         String qual = "qual2";
@@ -330,12 +330,6 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testUpdateNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow full admin permissions
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = false;
-        }};
-
         String elem = "elem2";
         String qual = "qual2";
         MetadataField m = metadataFieldService.create(context, dcSchema, elem, qual, null);
@@ -348,11 +342,8 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = NonUniqueMetadataException.class)
     public void testUpdateRepeated() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String elem = element;
         String qual = qualifier;
@@ -369,11 +360,8 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testDeleteAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String elem = "elem3";
         String qual = "qual3";
@@ -390,12 +378,6 @@ public class MetadataFieldTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testDeleteNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow full admin permissions
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = false;
-        }};
-
         String elem = "elem3";
         String qual = "qual3";
         MetadataField m = metadataFieldService.create(context, dcSchema, elem, qual, null);

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/MetadataSchemaTest.java

@@ -14,18 +14,21 @@ import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.nullValue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
+import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.content.service.MetadataSchemaService;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
 
 /**
  * Unit Tests for class MetadataSchema
@@ -47,6 +50,12 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     protected MetadataSchemaService metadataSchemaService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance()
                                                                                  .getMetadataSchemaService();
 
+    /**
+     * Spy of AuthorizeService to use for tests
+     * (initialized / setup in @Before method)
+     */
+    private AuthorizeService authorizeServiceSpy;
+
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
      * initialize resources required for the tests.
@@ -60,6 +69,13 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         super.init();
         try {
             this.ms = metadataSchemaService.find(context, MetadataSchemaEnum.DC.getName());
+
+            // Initialize our spy of the autowired (global) authorizeService bean.
+            // This allows us to customize the bean's method return values in tests below
+            authorizeServiceSpy = spy(authorizeService);
+            // "Wire" our spy to be used by the current loaded object services
+            // (To ensure these services use the spy instead of the real service)
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(metadataSchemaService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
         } catch (SQLException ex) {
             log.error("SQL Error in init", ex);
             fail("SQL Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
@@ -130,11 +146,8 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreateAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String namespace = "namespace";
         String name = "name";
@@ -149,12 +162,6 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testCreateNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow full admin permissions
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = false;
-        }};
-
         String namespace = "namespace";
         String name = "name";
         metadataSchemaService.create(context, name, namespace);
@@ -166,11 +173,8 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = NonUniqueMetadataException.class)
     public void testCreateRepeated() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String namespace = ms.getNamespace();
         String name = ms.getName();
@@ -194,11 +198,8 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testUpdateAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String namespace = "namespace2";
         String name = "name2";
@@ -215,12 +216,6 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testUpdateNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow full admin permissions
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = false;
-        }};
-
         metadataSchemaService.update(context, ms);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
@@ -230,11 +225,8 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = NonUniqueMetadataException.class)
     public void testUpdateRepeated() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String namespace = ms.getNamespace();
         String name = ms.getName();
@@ -251,11 +243,8 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testDeleteAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow full admin permissions
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         String namespace = "namespace3";
         String name = "name3";
@@ -272,12 +261,6 @@ public class MetadataSchemaTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testDeleteNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Disallow full admin permissions
-            authorizeService.isAdmin(context);
-            result = false;
-        }};
-
         String namespace = "namespace3";
         String name = "name3";
         MetadataSchema m = metadataSchemaService.create(context, name, namespace);

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/NonUniqueMetadataExceptionTest.java

@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ package org.dspace.content;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 /**
@@ -21,12 +19,6 @@ import org.junit.Test;
  */
 public class NonUniqueMetadataExceptionTest {
 
-    /**
-     * log4j category
-     */
-    private static final Logger log = LogManager
-            .getLogger(NonUniqueMetadataExceptionTest.class);
-
     /**
      * Dummy test to avoid initialization errors
      */

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/RelationshipMetadataServiceTest.java

@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ public class RelationshipMetadataServiceTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         WorkspaceItem is = workspaceItemService.create(context, col, false);
         Item secondItem = installItemService.installItem(context, is);
         itemService.addMetadata(context, secondItem, "relationship", "type", null, null, "Publication");
-        Relationship secondRelationship = relationshipService.create(context, secondItem, rightItem,
+        relationshipService.create(context, secondItem, rightItem,
                                    isAuthorOfPublicationRelationshipType, 0, 0);
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ public class RelationshipMetadataServiceTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         itemService.addMetadata(context, secondAuthor, "relationship", "type", null, null, "Author");
         itemService.addMetadata(context, secondAuthor, "person", "familyName", null, null, "familyName");
         itemService.addMetadata(context, secondAuthor, "person", "givenName", null, null, "firstName");
-        Relationship secondRelationship = relationshipService.create(context, leftItem, secondAuthor,
+        relationshipService.create(context, leftItem, secondAuthor,
                                    isAuthorOfPublicationRelationshipType, 0, 0);
         context.restoreAuthSystemState();
 

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/RelationshipServiceImplTest.java

@@ -8,12 +8,11 @@
 package org.dspace.content;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.Mockito;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class RelationshipServiceImplTest {
@@ -137,7 +136,7 @@ public class RelationshipServiceImplTest {
     @Test
     public void testFindByItemAndRelationshipType() throws Exception {
         // Declare objects utilized in unit test
-        List<Relationship> relList = new LinkedList<>();
+        List<Relationship> relList = new ArrayList<>();
         Item item = mock(Item.class);
         RelationshipType testRel = new RelationshipType();
 
@@ -152,7 +151,7 @@ public class RelationshipServiceImplTest {
     @Test
     public void testFindByRelationshipType() throws Exception {
         // Declare objects utilized in unit test
-        List<Relationship> relList = new LinkedList<>();
+        List<Relationship> relList = new ArrayList<>();
         RelationshipType testRel = new RelationshipType();
 
         // The Relationship(s) reported should match our our relList
@@ -231,8 +230,6 @@ public class RelationshipServiceImplTest {
     public void testDelete() throws Exception {
 
         // Declare objects utilized in unit test
-        MetadataValue metVal = mock(MetadataValue.class);
-        List<MetadataValue> metsList = new ArrayList<>();
         List<Relationship> leftTypelist = new ArrayList<>();
         List<Relationship> rightTypelist = new ArrayList<>();
         Item leftItem = mock(Item.class);
@@ -246,7 +243,6 @@ public class RelationshipServiceImplTest {
         testRel.setRightwardType("Entitylabel");
         testRel.setLeftMinCardinality(0);
         testRel.setRightMinCardinality(0);
-        metsList.add(metVal);
         relationship = getRelationship(leftItem, rightItem, testRel, 0,0);
         leftTypelist.add(relationship);
         rightTypelist.add(relationship);

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/RelationshipTypeTest.java

@@ -10,15 +10,14 @@ package org.dspace.content;
 import static org.hamcrest.core.IsEqual.equalTo;
 import static org.hamcrest.core.IsNull.notNullValue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
-import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
-import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Random;
 
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.content.dao.RelationshipTypeDAO;
 import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.junit.Before;
@@ -26,13 +25,10 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class RelationshipTypeTest {
-
-    private static final Logger log = org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(RelationshipTypeTest.class);
-
     @InjectMocks
     private RelationshipTypeServiceImpl relationshipTypeService;
 
@@ -102,7 +98,7 @@ public class RelationshipTypeTest {
     @Test
     public void testRelationshipTypeFindAll() throws Exception {
         // Declare objects utilized for this test
-        List<RelationshipType> mockedList = new LinkedList<>();
+        List<RelationshipType> mockedList = new ArrayList<>();
         mockedList.add(firstRelationshipType);
         mockedList.add(secondRelationshipType);
 
@@ -120,7 +116,7 @@ public class RelationshipTypeTest {
     @Test
     public void testRelationshipTypeFindByLeftOrRightwardType() throws Exception {
         // Declare objects utilized for this test
-        List<RelationshipType> mockedList = new LinkedList<>();
+        List<RelationshipType> mockedList = new ArrayList<>();
         mockedList.add(firstRelationshipType);
 
         // Mock DAO to return our mockedList
@@ -138,7 +134,7 @@ public class RelationshipTypeTest {
     @Test
     public void testRelationshipTypefindByEntityType() throws Exception {
         // Declare objects utilized for this test
-        List<RelationshipType> mockedList = new LinkedList<>();
+        List<RelationshipType> mockedList = new ArrayList<>();
         mockedList.add(firstRelationshipType);
 
         // Mock DAO to return our mockedList

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/SiteTest.java

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public class SiteTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         try {
             //we have to create a new community in the database
             context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-            this.s = (Site) siteService.findSite(context);
+            this.s = siteService.findSite(context);
             //we need to commit the changes so we don't block the table for testing
             context.restoreAuthSystemState();
         } catch (SQLException ex) {
@@ -120,8 +120,7 @@ public class SiteTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testSiteFind() throws Exception {
-        int id = 0;
+        Site found = siteService.findSite(context);
-        Site found = (Site) siteService.findSite(context);
         assertThat("testSiteFind 0", found, notNullValue());
         assertThat("testSiteFind 1", found, equalTo(s));
     }
@@ -141,7 +140,7 @@ public class SiteTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testGetURL() {
-        assertThat("testGetURL 0", s.getURL(), equalTo(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.url")));
+        assertThat("testGetURL 0", s.getURL(), equalTo(ConfigurationManager.getProperty("dspace.ui.url")));
     }
 
 }

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/ThumbnailTest.java

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
  */
 package org.dspace.content;
 
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
@@ -48,11 +49,6 @@ public class ThumbnailTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     private Bitstream orig;
 
-    /**
-     * Thumbnail instance for the tests, original copy
-     */
-    private Thumbnail t;
-
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
      * initialize resources required for the tests.
@@ -69,7 +65,9 @@ public class ThumbnailTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
             File f = new File(testProps.get("test.bitstream").toString());
             thumb = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
             orig = bitstreamService.create(context, new FileInputStream(f));
-            t = new Thumbnail(thumb, orig);
+            Thumbnail t = new Thumbnail(thumb, orig);
+            assertEquals(orig, t.getOriginal());
+            assertEquals(thumb, t.getThumb());
         } catch (IOException ex) {
             log.error("IO Error in init", ex);
             fail("SQL Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
@@ -89,9 +87,16 @@ public class ThumbnailTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     @After
     @Override
     public void destroy() {
+        try {
+            context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
+            bitstreamService.delete(context, thumb);
+            bitstreamService.delete(context, orig);
+            context.restoreAuthSystemState();
             thumb = null;
             orig = null;
-        t = null;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Error in destroy()", e);
+        }
         super.destroy();
     }
 

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/VersioningTest.java

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import org.dspace.content.service.CommunityService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.InstallItemService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.ItemService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.WorkspaceItemService;
-import org.dspace.core.ConfigurationManager;
 import org.dspace.handle.factory.HandleServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.handle.service.HandleService;
 import org.dspace.versioning.Version;
@@ -49,7 +48,6 @@ public class VersioningTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
 
     private static final Logger log = org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(VersioningTest.class);
 
-    private String originalHandle;
     private Item originalItem;
     private Item versionedItem;
     private String summary = "Unit test version";
@@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ public class VersioningTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
 
     //A regex that can be used to see if a handle contains the format of handle created by the org.dspace.identifier
     // .VersionedHandleIdentifierProvider*
-    protected String versionedHandleRegex = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("handle.prefix") + "\\/[0-9]*\\.[0-9]";
+    //protected String versionedHandleRegex = ConfigurationManager.getProperty("handle.prefix") + "\\/[0-9]*\\.[0-9]";
 
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
@@ -86,7 +84,6 @@ public class VersioningTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
             WorkspaceItem is = workspaceItemService.create(context, col, false);
 
             originalItem = installItemService.installItem(context, is);
-            originalHandle = originalItem.getHandle();
 
             Version version = versionService.createNewVersion(context, originalItem, summary);
             WorkspaceItem wsi = workspaceItemService.findByItem(context, version.getItem());

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/WorkspaceItemTest.java

@@ -14,29 +14,32 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
+import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.content.factory.ContentServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.content.service.CollectionService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.CommunityService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.ItemService;
 import org.dspace.content.service.WorkspaceItemService;
 import org.dspace.core.Constants;
-import org.dspace.core.Context;
 import org.dspace.eperson.EPerson;
 import org.dspace.eperson.factory.EPersonServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.eperson.service.EPersonService;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
 
 /**
  * Unit Tests for class WorkspaceItem
@@ -63,6 +66,12 @@ public class WorkspaceItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     protected ItemService itemService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getItemService();
     protected WorkspaceItemService workspaceItemService = ContentServiceFactory.getInstance().getWorkspaceItemService();
 
+    /**
+     * Spy of AuthorizeService to use for tests
+     * (initialized / setup in @Before method)
+     */
+    private AuthorizeService authorizeServiceSpy;
+
     /**
      * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
      * initialize resources required for the tests.
@@ -75,13 +84,22 @@ public class WorkspaceItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     public void init() {
         super.init();
         try {
-            //we have to create a new community in the database
+            //we have to create a new community/collection/workspaceitem in the database
             context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
             this.owningCommunity = communityService.create(null, context);
             this.collection = collectionService.create(context, owningCommunity);
             this.wi = workspaceItemService.create(context, collection, true);
             //we need to commit the changes so we don't block the table for testing
             context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+            // Initialize our spy of the autowired (global) authorizeService bean.
+            // This allows us to customize the bean's method return values in tests below
+            authorizeServiceSpy = spy(authorizeService);
+            // "Wire" our spy to be used by the current loaded object services
+            // (To ensure these services use the spy instead of the real service)
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(workspaceItemService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(collectionService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+            ReflectionTestUtils.setField(communityService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
         } catch (AuthorizeException ex) {
             log.error("Authorization Error in init", ex);
             fail("Authorization Error in init: " + ex.getMessage());
@@ -139,15 +157,11 @@ public class WorkspaceItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreateAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow Collection ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, collection, Constants.ADD);
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-        }};
 
-        boolean template = false;
+        boolean template;
-        WorkspaceItem created = null;
+        WorkspaceItem created;
 
         template = false;
         created = workspaceItemService.create(context, collection, template);
@@ -167,18 +181,7 @@ public class WorkspaceItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testCreateNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        workspaceItemService.create(context, collection, false);
-            // Disallow Collection ADD perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.ADD);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
-
-        boolean template = false;
-        WorkspaceItem created = null;
-
-        template = false;
-        created = workspaceItemService.create(context, collection, template);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
 
@@ -281,18 +284,13 @@ public class WorkspaceItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     @Test
     public void testUpdateAuth() throws Exception {
         // no need to mockup the authorization as we are the same user that have
-        // created the wi
+        // created the workspaceitem (who has full perms by default)
         boolean pBefore = wi.isPublishedBefore();
         wi.setPublishedBefore(!pBefore);
         workspaceItemService.update(context, wi);
-        context.commit();
+
-        // force to read the data from the database
+        // Reload our WorkspaceItem
-        context.uncacheEntity(wi);
-        // read all our test attributes objects from the fresh session
-        // to avoid duplicate object in session issue
         wi = workspaceItemService.find(context, wi.getID());
-        collection = wi.getCollection();
-        owningCommunity = collection.getCommunities().get(0);
         assertTrue("testUpdate", pBefore != wi.isPublishedBefore());
     }
 
@@ -301,18 +299,29 @@ public class WorkspaceItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testUpdateNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Create a new Eperson to be the current user
-            // Remove Item WRITE perms
+        context.turnOffAuthorisationSystem();
-            authorizeService.authorizeActionBoolean((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        EPerson eperson = ePersonService.create(context);
-                                                    Constants.WRITE);
+        eperson.setEmail("jane@smith.org");
-            result = false;
+        eperson.setFirstName(context, "Jane");
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        eperson.setLastName(context, "Smith");
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
+        ePersonService.update(context, eperson);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
+
-        }};
+        // Update our session to be logged in as new users
+        EPerson currentUser = context.getCurrentUser();
+        context.setCurrentUser(eperson);
+        context.restoreAuthSystemState();
+
+        // Try and update the workspace item. A different EPerson should have no rights
+        try {
             boolean pBefore = wi.isPublishedBefore();
             wi.setPublishedBefore(!pBefore);
             workspaceItemService.update(context, wi);
+        } finally {
+            // Restore the current user
+            context.setCurrentUser(currentUser);
+        }
+
         fail("Exception expected");
     }
 
@@ -351,12 +360,8 @@ public class WorkspaceItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testDeleteWrapperAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Allow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        doNothing().when(authorizeServiceSpy).authorizeAction(context, wi.getItem(), Constants.WRITE);
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
-            result = null;
-        }};
 
         UUID itemid = wi.getItem().getID();
         int id = wi.getID();
@@ -372,13 +377,9 @@ public class WorkspaceItemTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test(expected = AuthorizeException.class)
     public void testDeleteWrapperNoAuth() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
         // Disallow Item WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Item) any,
+        doThrow(new AuthorizeException()).when(authorizeServiceSpy)
-                                             Constants.WRITE);
+                                         .authorizeAction(context, wi.getItem(), Constants.WRITE);
-            result = new AuthorizeException();
-        }};
-
         workspaceItemService.deleteWrapper(context, wi);
         fail("Exception expected");
     }

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/comparator/NameAscendingComparatorTest.java

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import org.dspace.content.DSpaceObject;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class NameAscendingComparatorTest {

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/packager/ITDSpaceAIP.java

@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
+import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
-import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
+import org.dspace.AbstractIntegrationTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
 import org.dspace.authorize.ResourcePolicy;
 import org.dspace.authorize.factory.AuthorizeServiceFactory;
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ import org.junit.rules.TemporaryFolder;
  *
  * @author Tim Donohue
  */
-public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
+public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractIntegrationTest {
     /**
      * log4j category
      */
@@ -295,10 +295,7 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
         // Override default value of configured temp directory to point at our
         // JUnit TemporaryFolder. This ensures Crosswalk classes like RoleCrosswalk
         // store their temp files in a place where JUnit can clean them up automatically.
-        new NonStrictExpectations(configService.getClass()) {{
+        configService.setProperty("upload.temp.dir", uploadTempFolder.getRoot().getAbsolutePath());
-            configService.getProperty("upload.temp.dir");
-            result = uploadTempFolder.getRoot().getAbsolutePath();
-        }};
 
         try {
             context = new Context();
@@ -322,13 +319,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRestoreCommunityHierarchy() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy you really need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testRestoreCommunityHierarchy() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the top level community (from our test data)
@@ -378,13 +368,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRestoreRestrictedCommunity() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy  (Items/Bundles/Bitstreams) you need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testRestoreRestrictedCommunity() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the top-level Community (as a parent)
@@ -457,13 +440,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testReplaceCommunityHierarchy() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy you really need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testReplaceCommunityHierarchy() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the top level community (from our test data)
@@ -535,13 +511,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testReplaceCommunityOnly() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Community WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Community) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, true);
-            result = null;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testReplaceCommunityOnly() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the top level community (from our test data)
@@ -575,13 +544,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRestoreCollectionHierarchy() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy you really need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testRestoreCollectionHierarchy() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the collection (from our test data)
@@ -620,13 +582,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRestoreRestrictedCollection() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy  (Items/Bundles/Bitstreams) you need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testRestoreRestrictedCollection() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the top-level Community (as a parent)
@@ -699,13 +654,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testReplaceCollectionHierarchy() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy you really need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testReplaceCollectionHierarchy() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the collection (from our test data)
@@ -759,13 +707,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testReplaceCollectionOnly() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Collection WRITE perms
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction((Context) any, (Collection) any,
-                                             Constants.WRITE, true);
-            result = null;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testReplaceCollectionOnly() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the collection (from our test data)
@@ -801,13 +742,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRestoreItem() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy  (Items/Bundles/Bitstreams) you need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testRestoreItem() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the item (from our test data)
@@ -870,13 +804,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRestoreRestrictedItem() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy  (Items/Bundles/Bitstreams) you need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testRestoreRestrictedItem() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the test Collection (as a parent)
@@ -948,13 +875,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRestoreItemNoPolicies() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy  (Items/Bundles/Bitstreams) you need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testRestoreItemNoPolicies() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the test Collection (as a parent)
@@ -1009,13 +929,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testReplaceItem() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy (Items/Bundles/Bitstreams) you need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testReplaceItem() - BEGIN");
 
         // Locate the item (from our test data)
@@ -1049,17 +962,6 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testRestoreMappedItem() throws Exception {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Full Admin permissions. Since we are working with an object
-            // hierarchy  (Items/Bundles/Bitstreams) you need full admin rights
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, (Collection) any, Constants.REMOVE);
-            result = null;
-            authorizeService.authorizeAction(context, (Collection) any, Constants.ADD);
-            result = null;
-        }};
-
         log.info("testRestoreMappedItem() - BEGIN");
 
         // Get a reference to our test mapped Item
@@ -1105,7 +1007,7 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      * to avoid having to rewrite this code into several tests.
      *
      * @param dso       DSpaceObject to create AIP(s) for
-     * @param pkParams  any special PackageParameters to pass (if any)
+     * @param pkgParams  any special PackageParameters to pass (if any)
      * @param recursive whether to recursively create AIPs or just a single AIP
      * @return exported root AIP file
      */
@@ -1145,7 +1047,7 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      *
      * @param parent    The DSpaceObject which will be the parent object of the newly restored object(s)
      * @param aipFile   AIP file to start restoration from
-     * @param pkParams  any special PackageParameters to pass (if any)
+     * @param pkgParams  any special PackageParameters to pass (if any)
      * @param recursive whether to recursively restore AIPs or just a single AIP
      */
     private void restoreFromAIP(DSpaceObject parent, File aipFile, PackageParameters pkgParams, boolean recursive)
@@ -1183,7 +1085,7 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
      *
      * @param dso       The DSpaceObject to be replaced from AIP
      * @param aipFile   AIP file to start replacement from
-     * @param pkParams  any special PackageParameters to pass (if any)
+     * @param pkgParams  any special PackageParameters to pass (if any)
      * @param recursive whether to recursively restore AIPs or just a single AIP
      */
     private void replaceFromAIP(DSpaceObject dso, File aipFile, PackageParameters pkgParams, boolean recursive)
@@ -1293,9 +1195,9 @@ public class ITDSpaceAIP extends AbstractUnitTest {
 
             // Get the typeText & name of this object from the values
             String info = infoMap.get(key);
-            String[] values = info.split(valueseparator);
+            List<String> values = Splitter.on(valueseparator).splitToList(info);
-            String typeText = values[0];
+            String typeText = values.get(0);
-            String name = values[1];
+            String name = values.get(1);
 
             // Also assert type and name are correct
             assertEquals("assertObjectsExist object " + key + " type",

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/virtual/CollectedTest.java

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 
+import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
 import org.dspace.content.Item;
 import org.dspace.content.MetadataValue;
 import org.dspace.content.service.ItemService;
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class CollectedTest {
@@ -85,17 +86,14 @@ public class CollectedTest {
         metadataValueList.add(metadataValue);
         String s = "dc.title";
         list.add(s);
-        String[] splittedString = s.split("\\.");
+        List<String> splittedString = Splitter.on('.').splitToList(s);
         collected.setFields(list);
         valueList.add("TestValue");
 
         // Mock the state of objects utilized in getValues() to meet the success criteria of an invocation
-        when(itemService.getMetadata(item, splittedString.length > 0 ? splittedString[0] :
+        when(itemService.getMetadata(item, splittedString.size() > 0 ? splittedString.get(0) : null,
-                        null,
+                                     splittedString.size() > 1 ? splittedString.get(1) : null,
-                splittedString.length > 1 ? splittedString[1] :
+                                     splittedString.size() > 2 ? splittedString.get(2) : null,
-                        null,
-                splittedString.length > 2 ? splittedString[2] :
-                        null,
                                      Item.ANY, false)).thenReturn(metadataValueList);
         when(metadataValue.getValue()).thenReturn("TestValue");
 

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/virtual/ConcatenateTest.java

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 
+import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
 import org.dspace.content.Item;
 import org.dspace.content.MetadataValue;
 import org.dspace.content.service.ItemService;
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class ConcatenateTest {
@@ -107,17 +108,14 @@ public class ConcatenateTest {
         metadataValueList.add(metadataValue);
         String s = "dc.title";
         list.add(s);
-        String[] splittedString = s.split("\\.");
+        List<String> splittedString = Splitter.on(".").splitToList(s);
         concatenate.setFields(list);
         valueList.add("TestValue");
 
         // Mock the state of objects utilized in getValues() to meet the success criteria of an invocation
-        when(itemService.getMetadata(item, splittedString.length > 0 ? splittedString[0] :
+        when(itemService.getMetadata(item, splittedString.size() > 0 ? splittedString.get(0) : null,
-                        null,
+                                     splittedString.size() > 1 ? splittedString.get(1) : null,
-                splittedString.length > 1 ? splittedString[1] :
+                                     splittedString.size() > 2 ? splittedString.get(2) : null,
-                        null,
-                splittedString.length > 2 ? splittedString[2] :
-                        null,
                                      Item.ANY, false)).thenReturn(metadataValueList);
         when(metadataValue.getValue()).thenReturn("TestValue");
 

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/virtual/EntityTypeToFilterQueryServiceTest.java

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class EntityTypeToFilterQueryServiceTest {

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/virtual/RelatedTest.java

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class RelatedTest {
@@ -150,8 +149,8 @@ public class RelatedTest {
         assertEquals("TestGetValues 1", virtualMetadataConfiguration.getValues(context, item),
                 related.getValues(context, item));
         related.setPlace(2);
-        // No match should return empty LinkedList
+        // No match should return empty List
-        assertEquals("TestGetValues 2", new LinkedList<>(), related.getValues(context, item));
+        assertEquals("TestGetValues 2", new ArrayList<>(), related.getValues(context, item));
     }
 
 

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/virtual/UUIDValueTest.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
-import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class UUIDValueTest {
 
     @InjectMocks
-    private UUIDValue UUIDValue;
+    private UUIDValue uuidValue;
 
     @Mock
     private Context context;
@@ -36,32 +36,32 @@ public class UUIDValueTest {
     @Test
     public void testGetValues() throws Exception {
         // Setup objects utilized in unit test
-        List<String> list = new LinkedList<>();
+        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
         Item item = mock(Item.class);
         UUID uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
         when(item.getID()).thenReturn(uuid);
         list.add(String.valueOf(uuid));
 
         // The reported value(s) should match our defined list
-        assertEquals("TestGetValues 0", list, UUIDValue.getValues(context, item));
+        assertEquals("TestGetValues 0", list, uuidValue.getValues(context, item));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testSetUseForPlace() {
         // Setup objects utilized in unit test
-        UUIDValue.setUseForPlace(true);
+        uuidValue.setUseForPlace(true);
 
         // The reported boolean should return true
-        assertEquals("TestSetUseForPlace 0", true, UUIDValue.getUseForPlace());
+        assertEquals("TestSetUseForPlace 0", true, uuidValue.getUseForPlace());
 
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testGetUseForPlace() {
         // Setup objects utilized in unit test
-        UUIDValue.setUseForPlace(true);
+        uuidValue.setUseForPlace(true);
 
         // The reported boolean should return true
-        assertEquals("TestGetUseForPlace 0", true, UUIDValue.getUseForPlace());
+        assertEquals("TestGetUseForPlace 0", true, uuidValue.getUseForPlace());
     }
 }

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/content/virtual/VirtualMetadataPopulatorTest.java

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import org.dspace.content.RelationshipType;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
 public class VirtualMetadataPopulatorTest {

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/core/ContextReadOnlyCacheTest.java

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.Mockito;
-import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
 
 /**
  * Class to test the read-only Context cache

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/core/ContextTest.java

@@ -10,24 +10,31 @@ package org.dspace.core;
 import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
 import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.notNullValue;
 import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.nullValue;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
-import mockit.NonStrictExpectations;
 import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
 import org.dspace.authorize.AuthorizeException;
+import org.dspace.authorize.service.AuthorizeService;
 import org.dspace.eperson.EPerson;
 import org.dspace.eperson.Group;
 import org.dspace.eperson.factory.EPersonServiceFactory;
 import org.dspace.eperson.service.EPersonService;
 import org.dspace.eperson.service.GroupService;
+import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
 
 /**
  * Perform some basic unit tests for Context Class
@@ -38,6 +45,33 @@ public class ContextTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
     protected EPersonService ePersonService = EPersonServiceFactory.getInstance().getEPersonService();
     protected GroupService groupService = EPersonServiceFactory.getInstance().getGroupService();
 
+    /**
+     * Spy of AuthorizeService to use for tests
+     * (initialized / setup in @Before method)
+     */
+    private AuthorizeService authorizeServiceSpy;
+
+    /**
+     * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
+     * initialize resources required for the tests.
+     *
+     * Other methods can be annotated with @Before here or in subclasses
+     * but no execution order is guaranteed
+     */
+    @Before
+    @Override
+    public void init() {
+        super.init();
+
+        // Initialize our spy of the autowired (global) authorizeService bean.
+        // This allows us to customize the bean's method return values in tests below
+        authorizeServiceSpy = spy(authorizeService);
+        // "Wire" our spy to be used by the current loaded object services
+        // (To ensure these services use the spy instead of the real service)
+        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(ePersonService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(groupService, "authorizeService", authorizeServiceSpy);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Test of getDBConnection method, of class Context.
      */
@@ -53,12 +87,9 @@ public class ContextTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      * Test of setCurrentUser method, of class Context.
      */
     @Test
-    public void testSetCurrentUser() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
+    public void testSetCurrentUser() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
+        // Allow full Admin perms
-            // Allow Admin permissions - needed to create a new EPerson
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(context)).thenReturn(true);
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
 
         EPerson oldUser = context.getCurrentUser();
 
@@ -77,6 +108,9 @@ public class ContextTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
 
         // Restore the previous current user
         context.setCurrentUser(oldUser);
+
+        // Cleanup our new user
+        ePersonService.delete(context, newUser);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -104,7 +138,6 @@ public class ContextTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testSetCurrentLocale() {
-
         //Get previous value
         Locale oldLocale = context.getCurrentLocale();
 
@@ -171,6 +204,9 @@ public class ContextTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
 
         assertThat("testSetExtraLogInfo 0", context.getExtraLogInfo(), notNullValue());
         assertThat("testSetExtraLogInfo 1", context.getExtraLogInfo(), equalTo(newValue));
+
+        //restore old value
+        context.setExtraLogInfo(oldValue);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -225,28 +261,79 @@ public class ContextTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         cleanupContext(instance);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Test of commit method, of class Context.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testCommit() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
+        // To test commit() we need a new Context object
+        Context instance = new Context();
+
+        // By default, we should have a new DB connection, so let's make sure it is there
+        assertThat("HibernateDBConnection should exist", instance.getDBConnection(), notNullValue());
+        assertTrue("Context should be valid", instance.isValid());
+        assertTrue("Transaction should be open", instance.isTransactionAlive());
+
+        // Allow full Admin perms (in new context)
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(instance)).thenReturn(true);
+
+        // Create a new EPerson (to be committed)
+        String createdEmail = "myfakeemail@example.com";
+        EPerson newUser = ePersonService.create(instance);
+        newUser.setFirstName(instance, "Tim");
+        newUser.setLastName(instance, "Smith");
+        newUser.setEmail(createdEmail);
+        newUser.setCanLogIn(true);
+        newUser.setLanguage(instance, I18nUtil.getDefaultLocale().getLanguage());
+
+        // Now, call commit()
+        instance.commit();
+
+        // We expect our DB connection to still exist
+        assertThat("HibernateDBConnection should still be open", instance.getDBConnection(), notNullValue());
+        // We expect the Context to be valid
+        assertTrue("Context should still be valid", instance.isValid());
+        // However, the transaction should now be closed
+        assertFalse("DB transaction should be closed", instance.isTransactionAlive());
+
+        // ReloadEntity and verify changes saved
+        // NOTE: reloadEntity() is required, see commit() method Javadocs
+        newUser = instance.reloadEntity(newUser);
+        assertEquals("New user should be created", newUser.getEmail(), createdEmail);
+
+        // Change the email and commit again (a Context should support multiple commit() calls)
+        String newEmail = "myrealemail@example.com";
+        newUser.setEmail(newEmail);
+        instance.commit();
+
+        // Reload entity and new value should be there.
+        newUser = instance.reloadEntity(newUser);
+        assertEquals("New email address should be saved", newUser.getEmail(), newEmail);
+
+        // Cleanup our new object & context
+        ePersonService.delete(instance, newUser);
+        cleanupContext(instance);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Test of abort method, of class Context.
      */
     @Test
     public void testAbort() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Admin permissions - needed to create a new EPerson
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         // To test abort() we need a new Context object
         Context instance = new Context();
 
+        // Allow full Admin perms (in new context)
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(instance)).thenReturn(true);
+
         // Create a new EPerson (DO NOT COMMIT IT)
         String createdEmail = "susie@email.com";
         EPerson newUser = ePersonService.create(instance);
-        newUser.setFirstName(context, "Susan");
+        newUser.setFirstName(instance, "Susan");
-        newUser.setLastName(context, "Doe");
+        newUser.setLastName(instance, "Doe");
         newUser.setEmail(createdEmail);
         newUser.setCanLogIn(true);
-        newUser.setLanguage(context, I18nUtil.getDefaultLocale().getLanguage());
+        newUser.setLanguage(instance, I18nUtil.getDefaultLocale().getLanguage());
 
         // Abort our context
         instance.abort();
@@ -268,25 +355,20 @@ public class ContextTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      */
     @Test
     public void testClose() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Admin permissions - needed to create a new EPerson
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         String createdEmail = "susie@email.com";
 
         // To test close() we need a new Context object in a try-with-resources block
         try (Context instance = new Context()) {
+            // Allow full Admin perms (in new context)
+            when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(instance)).thenReturn(true);
 
             // Create a new EPerson (DO NOT COMMIT IT)
             EPerson newUser = ePersonService.create(instance);
-            newUser.setFirstName(context, "Susan");
+            newUser.setFirstName(instance, "Susan");
-            newUser.setLastName(context, "Doe");
+            newUser.setLastName(instance, "Doe");
             newUser.setEmail(createdEmail);
             newUser.setCanLogIn(true);
-            newUser.setLanguage(context, I18nUtil.getDefaultLocale().getLanguage());
+            newUser.setLanguage(instance, I18nUtil.getDefaultLocale().getLanguage());
-
         }
 
         // Open a new context, let's make sure that EPerson isn't there
@@ -410,16 +492,13 @@ public class ContextTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
      * Test of getSpecialGroups method, of class Context.
      */
     @Test
-    public void testGetSpecialGroups() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException {
+    public void testGetSpecialGroups() throws SQLException, AuthorizeException, IOException {
-        new NonStrictExpectations(authorizeService.getClass()) {{
-            // Allow Admin permissions - needed to create a new Group
-            authorizeService.isAdmin((Context) any);
-            result = true;
-        }};
-
         // To test special groups we need a new Context object
         Context instance = new Context();
 
+        // Allow full Admin perms (in new context)
+        when(authorizeServiceSpy.isAdmin(instance)).thenReturn(true);
+
         // Create a new group & add it as a special group
         Group group = groupService.create(instance);
         UUID groupID = group.getID();
@@ -436,7 +515,8 @@ public class ContextTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
         assertThat("testGetSpecialGroup 1", specialGroups.get(0), equalTo(group));
         assertThat("testGetSpecialGroup 1", specialGroups.get(1), equalTo(adminGroup));
 
-        // Cleanup our context
+        // Cleanup our context & group
+        groupService.delete(instance, group);
         cleanupContext(instance);
     }
 

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/core/HibernateDBConnectionTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+/**
+ * The contents of this file are subject to the license and copyright
+ * detailed in the LICENSE and NOTICE files at the root of the source
+ * tree and available online at
+ *
+ * http://www.dspace.org/license/
+ */
+package org.dspace.core;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+
+import org.dspace.AbstractUnitTest;
+import org.dspace.eperson.EPerson;
+import org.dspace.utils.DSpace;
+import org.hibernate.Session;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Perform some basic unit tests for HibernateDBConnection
+ *
+ * @author tdonohue
+ */
+public class HibernateDBConnectionTest extends AbstractUnitTest {
+
+    private HibernateDBConnection connection;
+
+    /**
+     * This method will be run before every test as per @Before. It will
+     * initialize resources required for the tests.
+     *
+     * Other methods can be annotated with @Before here or in subclasses
+     * but no execution order is guaranteed
+     */
+    @Before
+    @Override
+    public void init() {
+        super.init();
+        // Get a DB connection to test with
+        connection = new DSpace().getServiceManager()
+                                 .getServiceByName(null, HibernateDBConnection.class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test of getSession method
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testGetSession() throws SQLException {
+        assertNotNull("DB connection should not be null", connection);
+        // Connection should begin with an active transaction
+        assertTrue("A transaction should be open by default", connection.getTransaction().isActive());
+
+        // Rollback current transaction
+        connection.getTransaction().rollback();
+
+        // Transaction should be closed
+        assertFalse("Transaction should be closed after rollback", connection.getTransaction().isActive());
+
+        //Now call getSession(), saving a reference to the session
+        Session currentSession = connection.getSession();
+
+        // New transaction should be initialized
+        assertTrue("New transaction should be open after getSession() call",
+                   connection.getTransaction().isActive());
+
+        // Call getSession again. The same Session should still be returned
+        assertEquals("Multiple calls to getSession should return same Session", currentSession,
+                     connection.getSession());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test of isTransactionAlive method
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testIsTransactionAlive() {
+        assertNotNull("DB connection should not be null", connection);
+        assertNotNull("Transaction should not be null", connection.getTransaction());
+        // Connection should begin with a transaction
+        assertTrue("A transaction should be open by default", connection.isTransActionAlive());
+
+        // Rollback current transaction
+        connection.getTransaction().rollback();
+
+        // Transaction should be closed
+        assertFalse("Transaction should be closed after rollback", connection.isTransActionAlive());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test of isSessionAlive method
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testIsSessionAlive() throws SQLException {
+        assertNotNull("DB connection should not be null", connection);
+        assertNotNull("Session should not be null", connection.getSession());
+        assertTrue("A Session should be alive by default", connection.isSessionAlive());
+
+        // Rollback current transaction, closing it
+        connection.getTransaction().rollback();
+
+        // Session should still be alive even after transaction closes
+        assertTrue("A Session should still be alive if transaction closes", connection.isSessionAlive());
+
+        // NOTE: Because we configure Hibernate Session objects to be bound to a thread
+        // (see 'hibernate.current_session_context_class' in hibernate.cfg.xml), a Session is ALWAYS ALIVE until
+        // the thread closes (at which point Hibernate will clean it up automatically).
+        // This means that essentially isSessionAlive() will always return true, unless the connection is severed
+        // in some unexpected way.  See also "testCloseDBConnection()"
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test of closeDBConnection method
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testCloseDBConnection() throws SQLException {
+        // Get a reference to the current Session
+        Session initialSession = connection.getSession();
+
+        // Close the DB connection / Session
+        // NOTE: Because of our Hibernate configuration, Hibernate automatically creates a new Session per thread.
+        // Even though we "close" the connection, Hibernate will reopen a new one immediately. So, all this actually
+        // does is create a *new* Session
+        connection.closeDBConnection();
+
+        Session newSession = connection.getSession();
+        assertNotEquals("New Session expected",initialSession, newSession);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test of commit method
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testCommit() throws SQLException {
+        // Ensure a transaction exists
+        connection.getSession();
+        assertTrue("Transaction should be active", connection.getTransaction().isActive());
+
+        connection.commit();
+        assertFalse("Commit should close transaction", connection.getTransaction().isActive());
+
+        // A second commit should be a no-op (no error thrown)
+        connection.commit();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test of rollback method
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testRollback() throws SQLException {
+        // Ensure a transaction exists
+        connection.getSession();
+        assertTrue("Transaction should be active", connection.getTransaction().isActive());
+
+        connection.rollback();
+        assertFalse("Rollback should close transaction", connection.getTransaction().isActive());
+
+        // A second rollback should be a no-op (no error thrown)
+        connection.rollback();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test of reloadEntity method
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testReloadEntityAfterRollback() throws SQLException {
+        // Get DBConnection  associated with DSpace Context
+        HibernateDBConnection dbConnection = (HibernateDBConnection) context.getDBConnection();
+        EPerson person = context.getCurrentUser();
+
+        assertTrue("Current user should be cached in session", dbConnection.getSession()
+                                                                           .contains(person));
+
+        dbConnection.rollback();
+        assertFalse("Current user should be gone from cache", dbConnection.getSession()
+                                                                           .contains(person));
+
+        person = dbConnection.reloadEntity(person);
+        assertTrue("Current user should be cached back in session", dbConnection.getSession()
+                                                                           .contains(person));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test of reloadEntity method
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testReloadEntityAfterCommit() throws SQLException {
+        // Get DBConnection associated with DSpace Context
+        HibernateDBConnection dbConnection = (HibernateDBConnection) context.getDBConnection();
+        EPerson person = context.getCurrentUser();
+
+        assertTrue("Current user should be cached in session", dbConnection.getSession()
+                                                                           .contains(person));
+
+        dbConnection.commit();
+        assertFalse("Current user should be gone from cache", dbConnection.getSession()
+                                                                          .contains(person));
+
+        person = dbConnection.reloadEntity(person);
+        assertTrue("Current user should be cached back in session", dbConnection.getSession()
+                                                                                .contains(person));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test of uncacheEntity method
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testUncacheEntity() throws SQLException {
+        // Get DBConnection associated with DSpace Context
+        HibernateDBConnection dbConnection = (HibernateDBConnection) context.getDBConnection();
+        EPerson person = context.getCurrentUser();
+
+        assertTrue("Current user should be cached in session", dbConnection.getSession()
+                                                                           .contains(person));
+
+        dbConnection.uncacheEntity(person);
+        assertFalse("Current user should be gone from cache", dbConnection.getSession()
+                                                                          .contains(person));
+
+        // Test ability to reload an uncached entity
+        person = dbConnection.reloadEntity(person);
+        assertTrue("Current user should be cached back in session", dbConnection.getSession()
+                                                                                .contains(person));
+    }
+}

dspace-api/src/test/java/org/dspace/core/I18nUtilTest.java

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 
 import java.util.Locale;
 
-import mockit.Expectations;
 import org.dspace.AbstractDSpaceTest;
 import org.dspace.services.ConfigurationService;
 import org.dspace.services.factory.DSpaceServicesFactory;
@@ -136,10 +135,7 @@ public class I18nUtilTest extends AbstractDSpaceTest {
         final ConfigurationService configService = DSpaceServicesFactory.getInstance().getConfigurationService();
 
         // Override "default.locale" and ensure it is set to US English
-        new Expectations(configService.getClass()) {{
+        configService.setProperty("default.locale", "en_US.UTF-8");
-            configService.getProperty("default.locale");
-            result = "en_US.UTF-8";
-        }};
 
         // Assert our overridden default.locale is set in I18nUtil
         assertEquals("Default locale", new Locale("en", "US", "UTF-8"), I18nUtil.getDefaultLocale());