Better tests directory structure (#2231)

2025-10-18 07:22:57 +00:00 · 2025-02-21 17:46:43 +00:00
parent 80f4426b8e
commit 165bbc1e71
67 changed files with 174 additions and 148 deletions
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/data/issue_1168.ipynb
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/data/issue_1168.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "This is a test for the issue [#1168](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/1168)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from pyspark.sql import SparkSession\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Spark session & context\n",
+    "spark = SparkSession.builder.master(\"local\").getOrCreate()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "df = spark.createDataFrame([(1, 21), (2, 30)], (\"id\", \"age\"))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def filter_func(iterator):\n",
+    "    for pdf in iterator:\n",
+    "        yield pdf[pdf.id == 1]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "df.mapInPandas(filter_func, df.schema).show()"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.9.10"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 4
+}
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/data/local_pyspark.ipynb
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/data/local_pyspark.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from pyspark.sql import SparkSession\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Spark session & context\n",
+    "spark = SparkSession.builder.master(\"local\").getOrCreate()\n",
+    "sc = spark.sparkContext\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Sum of the first 100 whole numbers\n",
+    "rdd = sc.parallelize(range(100 + 1))\n",
+    "rdd.sum()\n",
+    "# 5050"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.9.10"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 4
+}
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/data/local_sparkR.ipynb
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/data/local_sparkR.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "library(SparkR)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Spark session & context\n",
+    "sc <- sparkR.session(\"local\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Sum of the first 100 whole numbers\n",
+    "sdf <- createDataFrame(list(1:100))\n",
+    "dapplyCollect(sdf,\n",
+    "              function(x) \n",
+    "              { x <- sum(x)}\n",
+    "             )\n",
+    "# 5050"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "R",
+   "language": "R",
+   "name": "ir"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": "r",
+   "file_extension": ".r",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-r-source",
+   "name": "R",
+   "pygments_lexer": "r",
+   "version": "3.6.3"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 4
+}
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/data/local_sparklyr.ipynb
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/data/local_sparklyr.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "library(sparklyr)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# get the default config\n",
+    "conf <- spark_config()\n",
+    "# Set the catalog implementation in-memory\n",
+    "conf$spark.sql.catalogImplementation <- \"in-memory\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Spark session & context\n",
+    "sc <- spark_connect(master = \"local\", config = conf)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Sum of the first 100 whole numbers\n",
+    "sdf_len(sc, 100, repartition = 1) %>% \n",
+    "    spark_apply(function(e) sum(e))\n",
+    "# 5050"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "R",
+   "language": "R",
+   "name": "ir"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": "r",
+   "file_extension": ".r",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-r-source",
+   "name": "R",
+   "pygments_lexer": "r",
+   "version": "3.6.3"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 4
+}
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/test_spark_notebooks.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/all-spark-notebook/test_spark_notebooks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+THIS_DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.flaky(retries=3, delay=1)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "test_file",
+    ["issue_1168", "local_pyspark", "local_sparkR"],
+)
+def test_nbconvert(container: TrackedContainer, test_file: str) -> None:
+    """Check if Spark notebooks can be executed"""
+    host_data_dir = THIS_DIR / "data"
+    cont_data_dir = "/home/jovyan/data"
+    output_dir = "/tmp"
+    conversion_timeout_ms = 5000
+    LOGGER.info(f"Test that {test_file} notebook can be executed ...")
+    command = (
+        "jupyter nbconvert --to markdown "
+        + f"--ExecutePreprocessor.timeout={conversion_timeout_ms} "
+        + f"--output-dir {output_dir} "
+        + f"--execute {cont_data_dir}/{test_file}.ipynb"
+    )
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=60,
+        no_warnings=False,
+        volumes={str(host_data_dir): {"bind": cont_data_dir, "mode": "ro"}},
+        tty=True,
+        command=["bash", "-c", command],
+    )
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert len(warnings) == 1
+    assert "Using incubator modules: jdk.incubator.vector" in warnings[0]
+
+    expected_file = f"{output_dir}/{test_file}.md"
+    assert expected_file in logs, f"Expected file {expected_file} not generated"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_container_options.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_container_options.py
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+import time
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+import requests
+
+from tests.utils.find_free_port import find_free_port
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def test_cli_args(container: TrackedContainer, http_client: requests.Session) -> None:
+    """Image should respect command line args (e.g., disabling token security)"""
+    host_port = find_free_port()
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        command=["start-notebook.py", "--IdentityProvider.token=''"],
+        ports={"8888/tcp": host_port},
+    )
+    resp = http_client.get(f"http://localhost:{host_port}")
+    resp.raise_for_status()
+    logs = running_container.logs().decode("utf-8")
+    LOGGER.debug(logs)
+    assert "ERROR" not in logs
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert not warnings
+    assert "login_submit" not in resp.text
+
+
+def test_nb_user_change(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should change the username (`NB_USER`) of the default user."""
+    nb_user = "nayvoj"
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=[f"NB_USER={nb_user}", "CHOWN_HOME=yes"],
+        command=["bash", "-c", "sleep infinity"],
+    )
+
+    # Give the chown time to complete.
+    # Use sleep, not wait, because the container sleeps forever.
+    time.sleep(1)
+    LOGGER.info(
+        f"Checking if a home folder of {nb_user} contains the hidden '.jupyter' folder with appropriate permissions ..."
+    )
+    command = f'stat -c "%F %U %G" /home/{nb_user}/.jupyter'
+    expected_output = f"directory {nb_user} users"
+    cmd = running_container.exec_run(command, workdir=f"/home/{nb_user}")
+    output = cmd.output.decode("utf-8").strip("\n")
+    assert (
+        output == expected_output
+    ), f"Hidden folder .jupyter was not copied properly to {nb_user} home folder. stat: {output}, expected {expected_output}"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Unverified HTTPS request")
+def test_unsigned_ssl(
+    container: TrackedContainer, http_client: requests.Session
+) -> None:
+    """Container should generate a self-signed SSL certificate
+    and Jupyter Server should use it to enable HTTPS.
+    """
+    host_port = find_free_port()
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        environment=["GEN_CERT=yes"],
+        ports={"8888/tcp": host_port},
+    )
+    # NOTE: The requests.Session backing the http_client fixture
+    # does not retry properly while the server is booting up.
+    # An SSL handshake error seems to abort the retry logic.
+    # Forcing a long sleep for the moment until I have time to dig more.
+    time.sleep(1)
+    resp = http_client.get(f"https://localhost:{host_port}", verify=False)
+    resp.raise_for_status()
+    assert "login_submit" in resp.text
+    logs = running_container.logs().decode("utf-8")
+    assert "ERROR" not in logs
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert not warnings
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "env",
+    [
+        {},
+        {"JUPYTER_PORT": 1234, "DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD": "lab"},
+        {"JUPYTER_PORT": 2345, "DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD": "notebook"},
+        {"JUPYTER_PORT": 3456, "DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD": "server"},
+        {"JUPYTER_PORT": 4567, "DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD": "nbclassic"},
+        {"JUPYTER_PORT": 5678, "RESTARTABLE": "yes"},
+        {"JUPYTER_PORT": 6789},
+        {"JUPYTER_PORT": 7890, "DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD": "notebook"},
+    ],
+)
+def test_custom_internal_port(
+    container: TrackedContainer,
+    http_client: requests.Session,
+    env: dict[str, str],
+) -> None:
+    """Container should be accessible from the host
+    when using custom internal port"""
+    host_port = find_free_port()
+    internal_port = env.get("JUPYTER_PORT", 8888)
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        command=["start-notebook.py", "--IdentityProvider.token=''"],
+        environment=env,
+        ports={internal_port: host_port},
+    )
+    resp = http_client.get(f"http://localhost:{host_port}")
+    resp.raise_for_status()
+    logs = running_container.logs().decode("utf-8")
+    LOGGER.debug(logs)
+    assert "ERROR" not in logs
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert not warnings
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_healthcheck.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_healthcheck.py
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+import time
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+
+from tests.utils.get_container_health import get_health
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "env,cmd,user",
+    [
+        (None, None, None),
+        (["DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD=lab"], None, None),
+        (["DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD=notebook"], None, None),
+        (["DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD=server"], None, None),
+        (["DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD=nbclassic"], None, None),
+        (["RESTARTABLE=yes"], None, None),
+        (["JUPYTER_PORT=8171"], None, None),
+        (["JUPYTER_PORT=8117", "DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD=notebook"], None, None),
+        (None, ["start-notebook.sh"], None),
+        (None, ["start-notebook.py", "--ServerApp.base_url=/test"], None),
+        (None, ["start-notebook.py", "--ServerApp.base_url=/test/"], None),
+        (["GEN_CERT=1"], ["start-notebook.py", "--ServerApp.base_url=/test"], None),
+        (
+            ["GEN_CERT=1", "JUPYTER_PORT=7891"],
+            ["start-notebook.py", "--ServerApp.base_url=/test"],
+            None,
+        ),
+        (["NB_USER=testuser", "CHOWN_HOME=1"], None, "root"),
+        (
+            ["NB_USER=testuser", "CHOWN_HOME=1"],
+            ["start-notebook.py", "--ServerApp.base_url=/test"],
+            "root",
+        ),
+        (
+            ["NB_USER=testuser", "CHOWN_HOME=1", "JUPYTER_PORT=8123"],
+            ["start-notebook.py", "--ServerApp.base_url=/test"],
+            "root",
+        ),
+        (["JUPYTER_RUNTIME_DIR=/tmp/jupyter-runtime"], ["start-notebook.sh"], None),
+        (
+            [
+                "NB_USER=testuser",
+                "CHOWN_HOME=1",
+                "JUPYTER_RUNTIME_DIR=/tmp/jupyter-runtime",
+            ],
+            ["start-notebook.sh"],
+            "root",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_healthy(
+    container: TrackedContainer,
+    env: list[str] | None,
+    cmd: list[str] | None,
+    user: str | None,
+) -> None:
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        tty=True,
+        environment=env,
+        command=cmd,
+        user=user,
+    )
+
+    # giving some time to let the server start
+    finish_time = time.time() + 10
+    sleep_time = 0.1
+    while time.time() < finish_time:
+        time.sleep(sleep_time)
+        if get_health(running_container) == "healthy":
+            return
+
+    assert get_health(running_container) == "healthy"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "env,cmd,user",
+    [
+        (
+            [
+                "HTTPS_PROXY=https://host.docker.internal",
+                "HTTP_PROXY=http://host.docker.internal",
+            ],
+            None,
+            None,
+        ),
+        (
+            [
+                "NB_USER=testuser",
+                "CHOWN_HOME=1",
+                "JUPYTER_PORT=8123",
+                "HTTPS_PROXY=https://host.docker.internal",
+                "HTTP_PROXY=http://host.docker.internal",
+            ],
+            ["start-notebook.py", "--ServerApp.base_url=/test"],
+            "root",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_healthy_with_proxy(
+    container: TrackedContainer,
+    env: list[str] | None,
+    cmd: list[str] | None,
+    user: str | None,
+) -> None:
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        tty=True,
+        environment=env,
+        command=cmd,
+        user=user,
+    )
+
+    # giving some time to let the server start
+    finish_time = time.time() + 10
+    sleep_time = 0.1
+    while time.time() < finish_time:
+        time.sleep(sleep_time)
+        if get_health(running_container) == "healthy":
+            return
+
+    assert get_health(running_container) == "healthy"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "env,cmd",
+    [
+        (["NB_USER=testuser", "CHOWN_HOME=1"], None),
+        (
+            ["NB_USER=testuser", "CHOWN_HOME=1"],
+            ["start-notebook.py", "--ServerApp.base_url=/test"],
+        ),
+        (
+            ["NB_USER=testuser", "CHOWN_HOME=1", "JUPYTER_PORT=8123"],
+            ["start-notebook.py", "--ServerApp.base_url=/test"],
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_not_healthy(
+    container: TrackedContainer,
+    env: list[str] | None,
+    cmd: list[str] | None,
+) -> None:
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        tty=True,
+        environment=env,
+        command=cmd,
+    )
+
+    # giving some time to let the server start
+    finish_time = time.time() + 5
+    sleep_time = 0.1
+    while time.time() < finish_time:
+        time.sleep(sleep_time)
+        if get_health(running_container) == "healthy":
+            raise RuntimeError("Container should not be healthy for this testcase")
+
+    assert get_health(running_container) != "healthy"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_notebook.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_notebook.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import requests
+
+from tests.utils.find_free_port import find_free_port
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+
+def test_secured_server(
+    container: TrackedContainer, http_client: requests.Session
+) -> None:
+    """Jupyter Server should eventually request user login."""
+    host_port = find_free_port()
+    container.run_detached(ports={"8888/tcp": host_port})
+    resp = http_client.get(f"http://localhost:{host_port}")
+    resp.raise_for_status()
+    assert "login_submit" in resp.text, "User login not requested"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_pandoc.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_pandoc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def test_pandoc(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Pandoc shall be able to convert MD to HTML."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        command=["bash", "-c", 'echo "**BOLD**" | pandoc'],
+    )
+    assert "<p><strong>BOLD</strong></p>" in logs
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_start_container.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/base-notebook/test_start_container.py
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+import time
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+import requests
+
+from tests.utils.find_free_port import find_free_port
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "env,expected_command,expected_start,expected_warnings",
+    [
+        (None, "jupyter lab", True, []),
+        (["DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD=lab"], "jupyter lab", True, []),
+        (["RESTARTABLE=yes"], "run-one-constantly jupyter lab", True, []),
+        (["DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD=notebook"], "jupyter notebook", True, []),
+        (["DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD=server"], "jupyter server", True, []),
+        (["DOCKER_STACKS_JUPYTER_CMD=nbclassic"], "jupyter nbclassic", True, []),
+        (
+            ["JUPYTERHUB_API_TOKEN=my_token"],
+            "jupyterhub-singleuser",
+            False,
+            ["WARNING: using start-singleuser.py"],
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_start_notebook(
+    container: TrackedContainer,
+    http_client: requests.Session,
+    env: list[str] | None,
+    expected_command: str,
+    expected_start: bool,
+    expected_warnings: list[str],
+) -> None:
+    """Test the notebook start-notebook.py script"""
+    LOGGER.info(
+        f"Test that the start-notebook.py launches the {expected_command} server from the env {env} ..."
+    )
+    host_port = find_free_port()
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        tty=True,
+        environment=env,
+        ports={"8888/tcp": host_port},
+    )
+    # sleeping some time to let the server start
+    time.sleep(2)
+    logs = running_container.logs().decode("utf-8")
+    LOGGER.debug(logs)
+    # checking that the expected command is launched
+    assert (
+        f"Executing: {expected_command}" in logs
+    ), f"Not the expected command ({expected_command}) was launched"
+    # checking errors and warnings in logs
+    assert "ERROR" not in logs, "ERROR(s) found in logs"
+    for exp_warning in expected_warnings:
+        assert exp_warning in logs, f"Expected warning {exp_warning} not found in logs"
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert len(expected_warnings) == len(warnings)
+    # checking if the server is listening
+    if expected_start:
+        resp = http_client.get(f"http://localhost:{host_port}")
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, "Server is not listening"
+
+
+def test_tini_entrypoint(
+    container: TrackedContainer, pid: int = 1, command: str = "tini"
+) -> None:
+    """Check that tini is launched as PID 1
+
+    Credits to the following answer for the ps options used in the test:
+    https://superuser.com/questions/632979/if-i-know-the-pid-number-of-a-process-how-can-i-get-its-name
+    """
+    LOGGER.info(f"Test that {command} is launched as PID {pid} ...")
+    running_container = container.run_detached(tty=True)
+    # Select the PID 1 and get the corresponding command
+    cmd = running_container.exec_run(f"ps -p {pid} -o comm=")
+    output = cmd.output.decode("utf-8").strip("\n")
+    assert "ERROR" not in output
+    assert "WARNING" not in output
+    assert output == command, f"{command} shall be launched as pid {pid}, got {output}"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/datascience-notebook/test_julia_datascience.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/datascience-notebook/test_julia_datascience.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+from tests.utils.run_command import run_command
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+
+def test_julia(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    run_command(container, "julia --version")
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/datascience-notebook/test_mimetypes.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/datascience-notebook/test_mimetypes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+from tests.shared_checks.R_mimetype_check import check_r_mimetypes
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+
+def test_mimetypes(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Check if Rscript command for mimetypes can be executed"""
+    check_r_mimetypes(container)
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/datascience-notebook/test_pluto_datascience.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/datascience-notebook/test_pluto_datascience.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import requests
+
+from tests.shared_checks.pluto_check import check_pluto_proxy
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+
+def test_pluto_proxy(
+    container: TrackedContainer, http_client: requests.Session
+) -> None:
+    """Pluto proxy starts Pluto correctly"""
+    check_pluto_proxy(container, http_client)
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-change/a.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-change/a.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+export MY_VAR=123
+echo "Inside a.sh MY_VAR variable has ${MY_VAR} value"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-change/b.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-change/b.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+echo "Inside b.sh MY_VAR variable has ${MY_VAR} value"
+echo "Changing value of MY_VAR"
+export MY_VAR=456
+echo "After change inside b.sh MY_VAR variable has ${MY_VAR} value"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-change/c.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-change/c.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+echo "Inside c.sh MY_VAR variable has ${MY_VAR} value"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-executables/executable.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-executables/executable.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+print("Executable python file was successfully run")
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-executables/non_executable.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-executables/non_executable.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+assert False
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-executables/run-me.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-executables/run-me.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+export SOME_VAR=123
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-failures/a.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-failures/a.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+echo "Started: a.sh"
+
+export OTHER_VAR=456
+
+run-unknown-command
+
+echo "Finished: a.sh"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-failures/b.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-failures/b.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import os
+import sys
+
+print("Started: b.py")
+print(f"OTHER_VAR={os.environ['OTHER_VAR']}")
+
+sys.exit(1)
+
+print("Finished: b.py")
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-failures/c.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-failures/c.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+echo "Started: c.sh"
+
+run-unknown-command
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-failures/d.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-failures/d.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+set -e
+
+echo "Started: d.sh"
+
+run-unknown-command
+
+echo "Finished: d.sh"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-unset/a.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-unset/a.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+export MY_VAR=123
+echo "Inside a.sh MY_VAR variable has ${MY_VAR} value"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-unset/b.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-unset/b.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+echo "Inside b.sh MY_VAR variable has ${MY_VAR} value"
+echo "Unsetting MY_VAR"
+unset MY_VAR
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-unset/c.sh
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/run-hooks-unset/c.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+echo "Inside c.sh MY_VAR variable has ${MY_VAR} value"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_outdated.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_outdated.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+
+from tests.utils.conda_package_helper import CondaPackageHelper
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.info
+def test_outdated_packages(
+    container: TrackedContainer, requested_only: bool = True
+) -> None:
+    """Getting the list of updatable packages"""
+    LOGGER.info(f"Checking outdated packages in {container.image_name} ...")
+    pkg_helper = CondaPackageHelper(container)
+    pkg_helper.check_updatable_packages(requested_only)
+    LOGGER.info(pkg_helper.get_outdated_summary(requested_only))
+    LOGGER.info(f"\n{pkg_helper.get_outdated_table()}\n")
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_package_managers.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_package_managers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+
+from tests.utils.run_command import run_command
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "package_manager_command",
+    [
+        "apt --version",
+        "conda --version",
+        "mamba --version",
+        "pip --version",
+    ],
+)
+def test_package_manager(
+    container: TrackedContainer, package_manager_command: str
+) -> None:
+    """Test that package managers are installed and run."""
+    run_command(container, package_manager_command)
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_packages.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_packages.py
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+
+"""
+test_packages
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+This test module tests if the R and Python packages installed can be imported.
+It's a basic test aiming to prove that the package is working properly.
+
+The goal is to detect import errors that can be caused by incompatibilities between packages, for example:
+
+- #1012: issue importing `sympy`
+- #966: issue importing `pyarrow`
+
+This module checks dynamically, through the `CondaPackageHelper`,
+only the requested packages i.e. packages requested by `mamba install` in the `Dockerfile`s.
+This means that it does not check dependencies.
+This choice is a tradeoff to cover the main requirements while achieving a reasonable test duration.
+However, it could be easily changed (or completed) to cover dependencies as well.
+Use `package_helper.installed_packages()` instead of `package_helper.requested_packages()`.
+
+Example:
+
+    $ make test/docker-stacks-foundation
+
+    # [...]
+    # tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_packages.py::test_python_packages
+    # -------------------------------- live log setup --------------------------------
+    # 2024-01-21 17:46:43 [    INFO] Starting container quay.io/jupyter/docker-stacks-foundation ... (package_helper.py:55)
+    # 2024-01-21 17:46:43 [    INFO] Running quay.io/jupyter/docker-stacks-foundation with args {'detach': True, 'tty': True, 'command': ['bash', '-c', 'sleep infinity']} ... (conftest.py:99)
+    # 2024-01-21 17:46:44 [    INFO] Grabbing the list of manually requested packages ... (package_helper.py:83)
+    # -------------------------------- live log call ---------------------------------
+    # 2024-01-21 17:46:44 [    INFO] Testing the import of packages ... (test_packages.py:151)
+    # 2024-01-21 17:46:44 [    INFO] Trying to import mamba (test_packages.py:153)
+    # 2024-01-21 17:46:44 [    INFO] Trying to import jupyter_core (test_packages.py:153)
+    PASSED                                                                   [ 17%]
+    # ------------------------------ live log teardown -------------------------------
+    # [...]
+
+"""
+
+import logging
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+
+from tests.utils.conda_package_helper import CondaPackageHelper
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# Mapping between package and module name
+PACKAGE_MAPPING = {
+    # Python
+    "beautifulsoup4": "bs4",
+    "jupyter-pluto-proxy": "jupyter_pluto_proxy",
+    "matplotlib-base": "matplotlib",
+    "pytables": "tables",
+    "scikit-image": "skimage",
+    "scikit-learn": "sklearn",
+    # R
+    "randomforest": "randomForest",
+    "rcurl": "RCurl",
+    "rodbc": "RODBC",
+    "rsqlite": "DBI",
+}
+
+# List of packages that cannot be tested in a standard way
+EXCLUDED_PACKAGES = [
+    "bzip2",
+    "ca-certificates",
+    "conda-forge::blas=*",
+    "grpcio-status",
+    "grpcio",
+    "hdf5",
+    "jupyterhub-singleuser",
+    "jupyterlab-git",
+    "mamba",
+    "notebook>",
+    "openssl",
+    "protobuf",
+    "python",
+    "r-irkernel",
+    "unixodbc",
+]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
+def package_helper(container: TrackedContainer) -> CondaPackageHelper:
+    """Return a package helper object that can be used to perform tests on installed packages"""
+    return CondaPackageHelper(container)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
+def requested_packages(package_helper: CondaPackageHelper) -> dict[str, set[str]]:
+    """Return the list of requested packages (i.e. packages explicitly installed excluding dependencies)"""
+    return package_helper.requested_packages()
+
+
+def is_r_package(package: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if a package is an R package"""
+    return package.startswith("r-")
+
+
+def get_package_import_name(package: str) -> str:
+    """Perform a mapping between the package name and the name used for the import"""
+    if is_r_package(package):
+        package = package[2:]
+    return PACKAGE_MAPPING.get(package, package)
+
+
+def _check_import_package(
+    package_helper: CondaPackageHelper, command: list[str]
+) -> None:
+    """Generic function executing a command"""
+    LOGGER.debug(f"Trying to import a package with [{command}] ...")
+    exec_result = package_helper.running_container.exec_run(command)
+    assert exec_result.exit_code == 0, exec_result.output.decode("utf-8")
+
+
+def check_import_python_package(
+    package_helper: CondaPackageHelper, package: str
+) -> None:
+    """Try to import a Python package from the command line"""
+    _check_import_package(package_helper, ["python", "-c", f"import {package}"])
+
+
+def check_import_r_package(package_helper: CondaPackageHelper, package: str) -> None:
+    """Try to import an R package from the command line"""
+    _check_import_package(package_helper, ["R", "--slave", "-e", f"library({package})"])
+
+
+def _check_import_packages(
+    package_helper: CondaPackageHelper,
+    packages_to_check: Iterable[str],
+    check_function: Callable[[CondaPackageHelper, str], None],
+) -> None:
+    """Test if packages can be imported
+
+    Note: using a list of packages instead of a fixture for the list of packages
+    since pytest prevents the use of multiple yields
+    """
+    failed_imports = []
+    LOGGER.info("Testing the import of packages ...")
+    for package in packages_to_check:
+        LOGGER.info(f"Trying to import {package}")
+        try:
+            check_function(package_helper, package)
+        except AssertionError as err:
+            failed_imports.append(package)
+            LOGGER.error(f"Failed to import package: {package}, output:\n  {err}")
+    if failed_imports:
+        pytest.fail(f"following packages are not import-able: {failed_imports}")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
+def r_packages(requested_packages: dict[str, set[str]]) -> Iterable[str]:
+    """Return an iterable of R packages"""
+    return (
+        get_package_import_name(pkg)
+        for pkg in requested_packages
+        if is_r_package(pkg) and pkg not in EXCLUDED_PACKAGES
+    )
+
+
+def test_r_packages(
+    package_helper: CondaPackageHelper, r_packages: Iterable[str]
+) -> None:
+    """Test the import of specified R packages"""
+    _check_import_packages(package_helper, r_packages, check_import_r_package)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
+def python_packages(requested_packages: dict[str, set[str]]) -> Iterable[str]:
+    """Return an iterable of Python packages"""
+    return (
+        get_package_import_name(pkg)
+        for pkg in requested_packages
+        if not is_r_package(pkg) and pkg not in EXCLUDED_PACKAGES
+    )
+
+
+def test_python_packages(
+    package_helper: CondaPackageHelper,
+    python_packages: Iterable[str],
+) -> None:
+    """Test the import of specified python packages"""
+    _check_import_packages(package_helper, python_packages, check_import_python_package)
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_python_version.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_python_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.12"
+
+
+def test_python_version(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    LOGGER.info(
+        f"Checking that python major.minor version is {EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION}"
+    )
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        command=["python", "--version"],
+    )
+    python = next(line for line in logs.splitlines() if line.startswith("Python "))
+    full_version = python.split()[1]
+    major_minor_version = full_version[: full_version.rfind(".")]
+
+    assert major_minor_version == EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION
+
+
+def test_python_pinned_version(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    LOGGER.info(f"Checking that pinned python version is {EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION}.*")
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        command=["cat", "/opt/conda/conda-meta/pinned"],
+    )
+    assert f"python {EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION}.*" in logs
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_run_hooks.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_run_hooks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+THIS_DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
+
+
+def test_run_hooks_zero_args(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        no_failure=False,
+        command=["bash", "-c", "source /usr/local/bin/run-hooks.sh"],
+    )
+    assert "Should pass exactly one directory" in logs
+
+
+def test_run_hooks_two_args(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        no_failure=False,
+        command=[
+            "bash",
+            "-c",
+            "source /usr/local/bin/run-hooks.sh first-arg second-arg",
+        ],
+    )
+    assert "Should pass exactly one directory" in logs
+
+
+def test_run_hooks_missing_dir(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        no_failure=False,
+        command=[
+            "bash",
+            "-c",
+            "source /usr/local/bin/run-hooks.sh /tmp/missing-dir/",
+        ],
+    )
+    assert "Directory /tmp/missing-dir/ doesn't exist or is not a directory" in logs
+
+
+def test_run_hooks_dir_is_file(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        no_failure=False,
+        command=[
+            "bash",
+            "-c",
+            "touch /tmp/some-file && source /usr/local/bin/run-hooks.sh /tmp/some-file",
+        ],
+    )
+    assert "Directory /tmp/some-file doesn't exist or is not a directory" in logs
+
+
+def test_run_hooks_empty_dir(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        command=[
+            "bash",
+            "-c",
+            "mkdir /tmp/empty-dir && source /usr/local/bin/run-hooks.sh /tmp/empty-dir/",
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+def run_source_in_dir(
+    container: TrackedContainer,
+    subdir: str,
+    command_suffix: str = "",
+    no_failure: bool = True,
+) -> str:
+    host_data_dir = THIS_DIR / subdir
+    cont_data_dir = "/home/jovyan/data"
+    # https://forums.docker.com/t/all-files-appear-as-executable-in-file-paths-using-bind-mount/99921
+    # Unfortunately, Docker treats all files in mounter dir as executable files
+    # So we make a copy of the mounted dir inside a container
+    command = (
+        "cp -r /home/jovyan/data/ /home/jovyan/data-copy/ &&"
+        "source /usr/local/bin/run-hooks.sh /home/jovyan/data-copy/" + command_suffix
+    )
+    return container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        volumes={str(host_data_dir): {"bind": cont_data_dir, "mode": "ro"}},
+        tty=True,
+        no_failure=no_failure,
+        command=["bash", "-c", command],
+    )
+
+
+def test_run_hooks_executables(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    logs = run_source_in_dir(
+        container,
+        subdir="run-hooks-executables",
+        command_suffix="&& echo SOME_VAR is ${SOME_VAR}",
+    )
+
+    assert "Executable python file was successfully run" in logs
+    assert "Ignoring non-executable: /home/jovyan/data-copy//non_executable.py" in logs
+    assert "SOME_VAR is 123" in logs
+
+
+def test_run_hooks_with_failures(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    logs = run_source_in_dir(container, subdir="run-hooks-failures", no_failure=False)
+
+    for file in ["a.sh", "b.py", "c.sh", "d.sh"]:
+        assert f"Started: {file}" in logs
+
+    for file in ["a.sh"]:
+        assert f"Finished: {file}" in logs
+    for file in ["b.py", "c.sh", "d.sh"]:
+        assert f"Finished: {file}" not in logs
+
+    for file in ["b.py", "c.sh"]:
+        assert (
+            f"/home/jovyan/data-copy//{file} has failed, continuing execution" in logs
+        )
+
+    assert "OTHER_VAR=456" in logs
+
+
+def test_run_hooks_unset(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    logs = run_source_in_dir(container, subdir="run-hooks-unset")
+
+    assert "Inside a.sh MY_VAR variable has 123 value" in logs
+    assert "Inside b.sh MY_VAR variable has 123 value" in logs
+    assert "Unsetting MY_VAR" in logs
+    assert "Inside c.sh MY_VAR variable has  value" in logs
+
+
+def test_run_hooks_change(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    logs = run_source_in_dir(container, subdir="run-hooks-change")
+
+    assert "Inside a.sh MY_VAR variable has 123 value" in logs
+    assert "Inside b.sh MY_VAR variable has 123 value" in logs
+    assert "Changing value of MY_VAR" in logs
+    assert "After change inside b.sh MY_VAR variable has 456 value" in logs
+    assert "Inside c.sh MY_VAR variable has 456 value" in logs
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_units.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_units.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+
+from tests.hierarchy.images_hierarchy import get_test_dirs
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def test_units(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Various units tests
+    Add a py file in the `tests/<somestack>/units` dir, and it will be automatically tested
+    """
+    short_image_name = container.image_name[container.image_name.rfind("/") + 1 :]
+    LOGGER.info(f"Running unit tests for: {short_image_name}")
+
+    test_dirs = get_test_dirs(short_image_name)
+
+    for test_dir in test_dirs:
+        host_data_dir = test_dir / "units"
+        LOGGER.info(f"Searching for units tests in {host_data_dir}")
+        cont_data_dir = "/home/jovyan/data"
+
+        if not host_data_dir.exists():
+            LOGGER.info(f"Not found unit tests for image: {container.image_name}")
+            continue
+
+        for test_file in host_data_dir.iterdir():
+            test_file_name = test_file.name
+            LOGGER.info(f"Running unit test: {test_file_name}")
+
+            container.run_and_wait(
+                timeout=30,
+                volumes={str(host_data_dir): {"bind": cont_data_dir, "mode": "ro"}},
+                tty=True,
+                command=["python", f"{cont_data_dir}/{test_file_name}"],
+            )
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_user_options.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/docker-stacks-foundation/test_user_options.py
@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+import pathlib
+import time
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def test_uid_change(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should change the UID of the default user."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=120,  # usermod is slow so give it some time
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=["NB_UID=1010"],
+        command=["bash", "-c", "id && touch /opt/conda/test-file"],
+    )
+    assert "uid=1010(jovyan)" in logs
+
+
+def test_gid_change(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should change the GID of the default user."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=["NB_GID=110"],
+        command=["id"],
+    )
+    assert "gid=110(jovyan)" in logs
+    assert "groups=110(jovyan),100(users)" in logs
+
+
+def test_nb_user_change(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should change the username (`NB_USER`) of the default user."""
+    nb_user = "nayvoj"
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=[f"NB_USER={nb_user}", "CHOWN_HOME=yes"],
+        command=["bash", "-c", "sleep infinity"],
+    )
+
+    # Give the chown time to complete.
+    # Use sleep, not wait, because the container sleeps forever.
+    time.sleep(1)
+    LOGGER.info(f"Checking if the user is changed to {nb_user} by the start script ...")
+    output = running_container.logs().decode("utf-8")
+    assert "ERROR" not in output
+    assert "WARNING" not in output
+    assert (
+        f"username: jovyan       -> {nb_user}" in output
+    ), f"User is not changed to {nb_user}"
+
+    LOGGER.info(f"Checking {nb_user} id ...")
+    command = "id"
+    expected_output = f"uid=1000({nb_user}) gid=100(users) groups=100(users)"
+    cmd = running_container.exec_run(command, user=nb_user, workdir=f"/home/{nb_user}")
+    output = cmd.output.decode("utf-8").strip("\n")
+    assert output == expected_output, f"Bad user {output}, expected {expected_output}"
+
+    LOGGER.info(f"Checking if {nb_user} owns his home folder ...")
+    command = f'stat -c "%U %G" /home/{nb_user}/'
+    expected_output = f"{nb_user} users"
+    cmd = running_container.exec_run(command, workdir=f"/home/{nb_user}")
+    output = cmd.output.decode("utf-8").strip("\n")
+    assert (
+        output == expected_output
+    ), f"Bad owner for the {nb_user} home folder {output}, expected {expected_output}"
+
+    LOGGER.info(
+        f"Checking if a home folder of {nb_user} contains the 'work' folder with appropriate permissions ..."
+    )
+    command = f'stat -c "%F %U %G" /home/{nb_user}/work'
+    expected_output = f"directory {nb_user} users"
+    cmd = running_container.exec_run(command, workdir=f"/home/{nb_user}")
+    output = cmd.output.decode("utf-8").strip("\n")
+    assert (
+        output == expected_output
+    ), f"Folder work was not copied properly to {nb_user} home folder. stat: {output}, expected {expected_output}"
+
+
+def test_chown_extra(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should change the UID/GID of a comma-separated
+    CHOWN_EXTRA list of folders."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=120,  # chown is slow so give it some time
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=[
+            "NB_UID=1010",
+            "NB_GID=101",
+            "CHOWN_EXTRA=/home/jovyan,/opt/conda/bin",
+            "CHOWN_EXTRA_OPTS=-R",
+        ],
+        command=[
+            "bash",
+            "-c",
+            "stat -c '%n:%u:%g' /home/jovyan/.bashrc /opt/conda/bin/jupyter",
+        ],
+    )
+    assert "/home/jovyan/.bashrc:1010:101" in logs
+    assert "/opt/conda/bin/jupyter:1010:101" in logs
+
+
+def test_chown_home(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should change the NB_USER home directory owner and
+    group to the current value of NB_UID and NB_GID."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=120,  # chown is slow so give it some time
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=[
+            "CHOWN_HOME=yes",
+            "CHOWN_HOME_OPTS=-R",
+            "NB_USER=kitten",
+            "NB_UID=1010",
+            "NB_GID=101",
+        ],
+        command=["bash", "-c", "stat -c '%n:%u:%g' /home/kitten/.bashrc"],
+    )
+    assert "/home/kitten/.bashrc:1010:101" in logs
+
+
+def test_sudo(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should grant passwordless sudo to the default user."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=["GRANT_SUDO=yes"],
+        command=["sudo", "id"],
+    )
+    assert "uid=0(root)" in logs
+
+
+def test_sudo_path(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should include /opt/conda/bin in the sudo secure_path."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=["GRANT_SUDO=yes"],
+        command=["sudo", "which", "jupyter"],
+    )
+    assert logs.rstrip().endswith("/opt/conda/bin/jupyter")
+
+
+def test_sudo_path_without_grant(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should include /opt/conda/bin in the sudo secure_path."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        command=["which", "jupyter"],
+    )
+    assert logs.rstrip().endswith("/opt/conda/bin/jupyter")
+
+
+def test_group_add(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should run with the specified uid, gid, and secondary
+    group. It won't be possible to modify /etc/passwd since gid is nonzero, so
+    additionally verify that setting gid=0 is suggested in a warning.
+    """
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        no_warnings=False,
+        user="1010:1010",
+        group_add=["users"],  # Ensures write access to /home/jovyan
+        command=["id"],
+    )
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert len(warnings) == 1
+    assert "Try setting gid=0" in warnings[0]
+    assert "uid=1010 gid=1010 groups=1010,100(users)" in logs
+
+
+def test_set_uid(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should run with the specified uid and NB_USER.
+    The /home/jovyan directory will not be writable since it's owned by 1000:users.
+    Additionally, verify that "--group-add=users" is suggested in a warning to restore
+    write access.
+    """
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        no_warnings=False,
+        user="1010",
+        command=["id"],
+    )
+    assert "uid=1010(jovyan) gid=0(root)" in logs
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert len(warnings) == 1
+    assert "--group-add=users" in warnings[0]
+
+
+def test_set_uid_and_nb_user(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should run with the specified uid and NB_USER."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        no_warnings=False,
+        user="1010",
+        environment=["NB_USER=kitten"],
+        group_add=["users"],  # Ensures write access to /home/jovyan
+        command=["id"],
+    )
+    assert "uid=1010(kitten) gid=0(root)" in logs
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert len(warnings) == 1
+    assert "user is kitten but home is /home/jovyan" in warnings[0]
+
+
+def test_container_not_delete_bind_mount(
+    container: TrackedContainer, tmp_path: pathlib.Path
+) -> None:
+    """Container should not delete host system files when using the (docker)
+    -v bind mount flag and mapping to /home/jovyan.
+    """
+    d = tmp_path / "data"
+    d.mkdir()
+    p = d / "foo.txt"
+    p.write_text("some-content")
+
+    container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        working_dir="/home/",
+        environment=[
+            "NB_USER=user",
+            "CHOWN_HOME=yes",
+        ],
+        volumes={d: {"bind": "/home/jovyan/data", "mode": "rw"}},
+        command=["ls"],
+    )
+    assert p.read_text() == "some-content"
+    assert len(list(tmp_path.iterdir())) == 1
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("enable_root", [False, True])
+def test_jupyter_env_vars_to_unset(
+    container: TrackedContainer, enable_root: bool
+) -> None:
+    """Environment variables names listed in JUPYTER_ENV_VARS_TO_UNSET
+    should be unset in the final environment."""
+    root_args = {"user": "root"} if enable_root else {}
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        environment=[
+            "JUPYTER_ENV_VARS_TO_UNSET=SECRET_ANIMAL,UNUSED_ENV,SECRET_FRUIT",
+            "FRUIT=bananas",
+            "SECRET_ANIMAL=cats",
+            "SECRET_FRUIT=mango",
+        ],
+        command=[
+            "bash",
+            "-c",
+            "echo I like ${FRUIT} and ${SECRET_FRUIT:-stuff}, and love ${SECRET_ANIMAL:-to keep secrets}!",
+        ],
+        **root_args,  # type: ignore
+    )
+    assert "I like bananas and stuff, and love to keep secrets!" in logs
+
+
+def test_secure_path(container: TrackedContainer, tmp_path: pathlib.Path) -> None:
+    """Make sure that the sudo command has conda's python (not system's) on PATH.
+    See <https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/1053>.
+    """
+    d = tmp_path / "data"
+    d.mkdir()
+    p = d / "wrong_python.sh"
+    p.write_text('#!/bin/bash\necho "Wrong python executable invoked!"')
+    p.chmod(0o755)
+
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        volumes={p: {"bind": "/usr/bin/python", "mode": "ro"}},
+        command=["python", "--version"],
+    )
+    assert "Wrong python" not in logs
+    assert "Python" in logs
+
+
+def test_startsh_multiple_exec(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """If start.sh is executed multiple times check that configuration only occurs once."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        no_warnings=False,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=["GRANT_SUDO=yes"],
+        command=["start.sh", "sudo", "id"],
+    )
+    assert "uid=0(root)" in logs
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert len(warnings) == 1
+    assert (
+        "WARNING: start.sh is the default ENTRYPOINT, do not include it in CMD"
+        in warnings[0]
+    )
+
+
+def test_rootless_triplet_change(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should change the username (`NB_USER`), the UID and the GID of the default user."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=["NB_USER=root", "NB_UID=0", "NB_GID=0"],
+        command=["id"],
+    )
+    assert "uid=0(root)" in logs
+    assert "gid=0(root)" in logs
+    assert "groups=0(root)" in logs
+
+
+def test_rootless_triplet_home(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should change the home directory for triplet NB_USER=root, NB_UID=0, NB_GID=0."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=["NB_USER=root", "NB_UID=0", "NB_GID=0"],
+        command=["bash", "-c", "echo HOME=${HOME} && getent passwd root"],
+    )
+    assert "HOME=/home/root" in logs
+    assert "root:x:0:0:root:/home/root:/bin/bash" in logs
+
+
+def test_rootless_triplet_sudo(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Container should not be started with sudo for triplet NB_USER=root, NB_UID=0, NB_GID=0."""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        user="root",
+        environment=["NB_USER=root", "NB_UID=0", "NB_GID=0"],
+        command=["env"],
+    )
+    assert "SUDO" not in logs
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/julia-notebook/test_julia.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/julia-notebook/test_julia.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+from tests.utils.run_command import run_command
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+
+def test_julia(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    run_command(container, "julia --version")
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/julia-notebook/test_pluto.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/julia-notebook/test_pluto.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import requests
+
+from tests.shared_checks.pluto_check import check_pluto_proxy
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+
+def test_pluto_proxy(
+    container: TrackedContainer, http_client: requests.Session
+) -> None:
+    """Pluto proxy starts Pluto correctly"""
+    check_pluto_proxy(container, http_client)
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/minimal-notebook/data/Jupyter_logo.svg
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/minimal-notebook/data/Jupyter_logo.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
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+</defs>
+</svg>
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/minimal-notebook/data/notebook_math.ipynb
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/minimal-notebook/data/notebook_math.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "0",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# A simple SymPy example"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "1",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "First we import SymPy and initialize printing:"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "2",
+   "metadata": {
+    "jupyter": {
+     "outputs_hidden": false
+    }
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import diff, init_printing, integrate, sin, symbols"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "3",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "init_printing()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "4",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "Create a few symbols:"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "5",
+   "metadata": {
+    "jupyter": {
+     "outputs_hidden": false
+    }
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "x, y, z = symbols(\"x y z\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "6",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "Here is a basic expression:"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "7",
+   "metadata": {
+    "jupyter": {
+     "outputs_hidden": false
+    }
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "e = x**2 + 2.0 * y + sin(z)\n",
+    "e"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "8",
+   "metadata": {
+    "jupyter": {
+     "outputs_hidden": false
+    }
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "diff(e, x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "9",
+   "metadata": {
+    "jupyter": {
+     "outputs_hidden": false
+    }
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "integrate(e, z)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.9.10"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/minimal-notebook/data/notebook_svg.ipynb
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/minimal-notebook/data/notebook_svg.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from IPython.display import SVG, display"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "display(SVG(filename=\"Jupyter_logo.svg\"))"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.9.10"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 4
+}
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/minimal-notebook/test_nbconvert.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/minimal-notebook/test_nbconvert.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+THIS_DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("test_file", ["notebook_math", "notebook_svg"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("output_format", ["pdf", "html"])
+def test_nbconvert(
+    container: TrackedContainer, test_file: str, output_format: str
+) -> None:
+    """Check if nbconvert is able to convert a notebook file"""
+    host_data_dir = THIS_DIR / "data"
+    cont_data_dir = "/home/jovyan/data"
+    output_dir = "/tmp"
+    LOGGER.info(
+        f"Test that the example notebook {test_file} can be converted to {output_format} ..."
+    )
+    command = f"jupyter nbconvert {cont_data_dir}/{test_file}.ipynb --output-dir {output_dir} --to {output_format}"
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=30,
+        volumes={str(host_data_dir): {"bind": cont_data_dir, "mode": "ro"}},
+        tty=True,
+        command=["bash", "-c", command],
+    )
+    expected_file = f"{output_dir}/{test_file}.{output_format}"
+    assert expected_file in logs, f"Expected file {expected_file} not generated"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/pyspark-notebook/test_spark.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/pyspark-notebook/test_spark.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def test_spark_shell(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Checking if Spark (spark-shell) is running properly"""
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=60,
+        no_warnings=False,
+        tty=True,
+        command=["bash", "-c", 'spark-shell <<< "1+1"'],
+    )
+    warnings = TrackedContainer.get_warnings(logs)
+    assert len(warnings) == 1
+    assert "Using incubator modules: jdk.incubator.vector" in warnings[0]
+
+    assert "res0: Int = 2" in logs, "spark-shell does not work"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/pyspark-notebook/units/unit_pandas_version.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/pyspark-notebook/units/unit_pandas_version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import pandas
+
+assert pandas.__version__ == "2.2.2"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/pyspark-notebook/units/unit_spark.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/pyspark-notebook/units/unit_spark.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import pyspark  # noqa: F401
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/pytorch-notebook/units/unit_pytorch.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/pytorch-notebook/units/unit_pytorch.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import torch
+
+print(torch.tensor([[1.0, 4.0, 7.0], [4.0, 9.0, 11.0]]))
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/r-notebook/test_R_mimetypes.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/r-notebook/test_R_mimetypes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+from tests.shared_checks.R_mimetype_check import check_r_mimetypes
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+
+def test_mimetypes(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Check if Rscript command for mimetypes can be executed"""
+    check_r_mimetypes(container)
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/data/cython/helloworld.pyx
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/data/cython/helloworld.pyx
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+print("Hello World")
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/data/cython/setup.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/data/cython/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# These lines are not sorted by isort on purpose
+# see: https://stackoverflow.com/a/53356077/4881441
+from setuptools import setup  # isort:skip
+from Cython.Build import cythonize  # isort:skip
+
+setup(ext_modules=cythonize("helloworld.pyx"))
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/data/matplotlib/matplotlib_1.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/data/matplotlib/matplotlib_1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# type: ignore
+# Matplotlib: Create a simple plot example.
+# Refs: https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/lines_bars_and_markers/simple_plot.html
+
+# Optional test with [Matplotlib Jupyter Integration](https://github.com/matplotlib/ipympl)
+# %matplotlib widget
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import numpy as np
+
+# Data for plotting
+t = np.arange(0.0, 2.0, 0.01)
+s = 1 + np.sin(2 * np.pi * t)
+
+fig, ax = plt.subplots()
+ax.plot(t, s)
+
+ax.set(
+    xlabel="time (s)",
+    ylabel="voltage (mV)",
+    title="About as simple as it gets, folks",
+)
+ax.grid()
+
+# Note that the test can be run headless by checking if an image is produced
+file_path = "/tmp/test.png"
+fig.savefig(file_path)
+print(f"File {file_path} saved")
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/data/matplotlib/matplotlib_fonts_1.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/data/matplotlib/matplotlib_fonts_1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Matplotlib: Test tex fonts
+import matplotlib
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+matplotlib.rcParams["pgf.texsystem"] = "pdflatex"
+matplotlib.rcParams.update(
+    {
+        "font.family": "serif",
+        "font.size": 18,
+        "axes.labelsize": 20,
+        "axes.titlesize": 24,
+        "figure.titlesize": 28,
+    }
+)
+matplotlib.rcParams["text.usetex"] = True
+
+fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1)
+x = [1, 2]
+y = [1, 2]
+ax.plot(x, y, label="a label")
+ax.legend(fontsize=15)
+
+file_path = "/tmp/test_fonts.png"
+fig.savefig(file_path)
+print(f"File {file_path} saved")
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/test_cython.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/test_cython.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+THIS_DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
+
+
+def test_cython(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    host_data_dir = THIS_DIR / "data/cython"
+    cont_data_dir = "/home/jovyan/data"
+
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        volumes={str(host_data_dir): {"bind": cont_data_dir, "mode": "ro"}},
+        tty=True,
+        command=[
+            "bash",
+            "-c",
+            # We copy our data to a temporary folder to be able to modify the directory
+            f"cp -r {cont_data_dir}/ /tmp/test/ && cd /tmp/test && python3 setup.py build_ext",
+        ],
+    )
+    assert "building 'helloworld' extension" in logs
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/test_extensions.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/test_extensions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skip(reason="Not yet compliant with JupyterLab 4")
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "extension",
+    [
+        "@bokeh/jupyter_bokeh",
+        "@jupyter-widgets/jupyterlab-manager",
+        "jupyter-matplotlib",
+    ],
+)
+def test_check_extension(container: TrackedContainer, extension: str) -> None:
+    """Basic check of each extension
+
+    The list of installed extensions can be obtained through this command:
+
+    $ jupyter labextension list
+
+    """
+    LOGGER.info(f"Checking the extension: {extension} ...")
+    container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=10,
+        tty=True,
+        command=["jupyter", "labextension", "check", extension],
+    )
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/test_matplotlib.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/test_matplotlib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest  # type: ignore
+
+from tests.utils.tracked_container import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+THIS_DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "test_file,expected_file,description",
+    [
+        (
+            "matplotlib_1.py",
+            "test.png",
+            "Test that matplotlib can plot a graph and write it as an image ...",
+        ),
+        (
+            "matplotlib_fonts_1.py",
+            "test_fonts.png",
+            "Test cm-super latex labels in matplotlib ...",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_matplotlib(
+    container: TrackedContainer, test_file: str, expected_file: str, description: str
+) -> None:
+    """Various tests performed on matplotlib
+
+    - Test that matplotlib is able to plot a graph and write it as an image
+    - Test matplotlib latex fonts, which depend on the cm-super package
+    """
+    host_data_dir = THIS_DIR / "data/matplotlib"
+    cont_data_dir = "/home/jovyan/data"
+    output_dir = "/tmp"
+    LOGGER.info(description)
+    running_container = container.run_detached(
+        volumes={str(host_data_dir): {"bind": cont_data_dir, "mode": "ro"}},
+        tty=True,
+        command=["bash", "-c", "sleep infinity"],
+    )
+    command = f"python {cont_data_dir}/{test_file}"
+    cmd = running_container.exec_run(command)
+    LOGGER.debug(cmd.output.decode("utf-8"))
+    assert cmd.exit_code == 0, f"Command {command} failed"
+    # Checking if the file is generated
+    # https://stackoverflow.com/a/15895594/4413446
+    command = f"test -s {output_dir}/{expected_file}"
+    cmd = running_container.exec_run(command)
+    LOGGER.debug(cmd.output.decode("utf-8"))
+    assert cmd.exit_code == 0, f"Command {command} failed"
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/units/unit_pandas.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/scipy-notebook/units/unit_pandas.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+# type: ignore
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+
+np.random.seed(0)
+print(pd.Series(np.random.randint(0, 7, size=10)).sum())
--- a/tests/image_specific_tests/tensorflow-notebook/units/unit_tensorflow.py
+++ b/tests/image_specific_tests/tensorflow-notebook/units/unit_tensorflow.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import tensorflow as tf
+
+print(tf.constant("Hello, TensorFlow"))
+print(tf.reduce_sum(tf.random.normal([1000, 1000])))