Add jupyter/julia-notebook (#1926)

* Add jupyter/julia-notebook

There is a growing number of Julia users in the Jupyter
ecosystem who do not use R, and hence would <3 to have a
dedicated docker image that doesn't bring in all the R
stuff that datascience-notebook brings in! The built image
size is much smaller, and eventually paves the way to
better ecosystem support for Julia.

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Add a test for julia-notebook

* Tell tests what julia-notebook inherits from

* Sort lists with julia-notebook

* Fix README for julia-notebook

* Add julia-notebook to the makefile

* Move julia-notebook below r-notebook

* Use hard tabs in Makefile

* Do some more sorting

* Rename test_julia to avoid mypy issue

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Re-order julia/r-notebook

Co-authored-by: Ayaz Salikhov <mathbunnyru@users.noreply.github.com>

* Move julia-notebook stanza under r-notebook

* Update inheritance diagram

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ayaz Salikhov <mathbunnyru@users.noreply.github.com>

tests/julia-notebook/test_julia_exists.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
+# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
+import logging
+
+from tests.conftest import TrackedContainer
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def test_julia(container: TrackedContainer) -> None:
+    """Basic julia test"""
+    LOGGER.info("Test that julia is correctly installed ...")
+    logs = container.run_and_wait(
+        timeout=5,
+        tty=True,
+        command=["start.sh", "bash", "-c", "julia --version"],
+    )
+    LOGGER.debug(logs)