# Contributed Recipes

Users sometimes share interesting ways of using the Jupyter Docker Stacks. We encourage users to [contribute these recipes](../contributing/recipes.html) to the documentation in case they prove useful to other members of the community by submitting a pull request to `docs/using/recipes.md`. The sections below capture this knowledge.

## Using `pip install` or `conda install` in a Child Docker image

Create a new Dockerfile like the one shown below. 

```dockerfile
# Start from a core stack version
FROM jupyter/datascience-notebook:9f9e5ca8fe5a
# Install in the default python3 environment
RUN pip install 'ggplot==0.6.8'
```

Then build a new image.

```bash
docker build --rm -t jupyter/my-datascience-notebook .
```

To use a requirements.txt file, first create your `requirements.txt` file
with the listing of packages desired.  Next, create a new Dockerfile like the one shown below.

```dockerfile
# Start from a core stack version
FROM jupyter/datascience-notebook:9f9e5ca8fe5a
# Install from requirements.txt file
COPY requirements.txt /tmp/
RUN pip install --requirement /tmp/requirements.txt && \
    fix-permissions $CONDA_DIR && \
    fix-permissions /home/$NB_USER
```

For conda, the Dockerfile is similar:

```dockerfile
# Start from a core stack version
FROM jupyter/datascience-notebook:9f9e5ca8fe5a
# Install from requirements.txt file
COPY requirements.txt /tmp/
RUN conda install --yes --file /tmp/requirements.txt && \
    fix-permissions $CONDA_DIR && \
    fix-permissions /home/$NB_USER
```

Ref: [docker-stacks/commit/79169618d571506304934a7b29039085e77db78c](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/commit/79169618d571506304934a7b29039085e77db78c#commitcomment-15960081)

## Add a Python 2.x environment

Python 2.x was removed from all images on August 10th, 2017, starting in tag `cc9feab481f7`. You can add a Python 2.x environment by defining your own Dockerfile inheriting from one of the images like so:

```
# Choose your desired base image
FROM jupyter/scipy-notebook:latest

# Create a Python 2.x environment using conda including at least the ipython kernel
# and the kernda utility. Add any additional packages you want available for use
# in a Python 2 notebook to the first line here (e.g., pandas, matplotlib, etc.)
RUN conda create --quiet --yes -p $CONDA_DIR/envs/python2 python=2.7 ipython ipykernel kernda && \
    conda clean -tipsy

USER root

# Create a global kernelspec in the image and modify it so that it properly activates
# the python2 conda environment.
RUN $CONDA_DIR/envs/python2/bin/python -m ipykernel install && \
$CONDA_DIR/envs/python2/bin/kernda -o -y /usr/local/share/jupyter/kernels/python2/kernel.json

USER $NB_USER
```

Ref: [https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/440](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/440)

## Run JupyterLab

JupyterLab is preinstalled as a notebook extension starting in tag [c33a7dc0eece](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/wiki/Docker-build-history).

Run jupyterlab using a command such as `docker run -it --rm -p 8888:8888 jupyter/datascience-notebook start.sh jupyter lab`

## Let's Encrypt a Notebook server

See the README for the simple automation here [https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/tree/master/examples/make-deploy](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/tree/master/examples/make-deploy) which includes steps for requesting and renewing a Let's Encrypt certificate.

Ref: [https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/78](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/78)

## Slideshows with Jupyter and RISE

[RISE](https://github.com/damianavila/RISE) allows via extension to create live slideshows of your notebooks, with no conversion, adding javascript Reveal.js:

```
# Add Live slideshows with RISE
RUN conda install -c damianavila82 rise
```
Credit: [Paolo D.](https://github.com/pdonorio) based on [docker-stacks/issues/43](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/43)

## xgboost

You need to install conda's gcc for Python xgboost to work properly. Otherwise, you'll get an exception about libgomp.so.1 missing GOMP_4.0.

```
%%bash
conda install -y gcc
pip install xgboost

import xgboost
```

## Running behind a nginx proxy

Sometimes it is useful to run the Jupyter instance behind a nginx proxy, for instance:

- you would prefer to access the notebook at a server URL with a path (`https://example.com/jupyter`) rather than a port (`https://example.com:8888`)
- you may have many different services in addition to Jupyter running on the same server, and want to nginx to help improve server performance in manage the connections

Here is a [quick example NGINX configuration](https://gist.github.com/cboettig/8643341bd3c93b62b5c2) to get started.  You'll need a server, a `.crt` and `.key` file for your server, and `docker` & `docker-compose` installed.  Then just download the files at that gist and run `docker-compose up -d` to test it out.  Customize the `nginx.conf` file to set the desired paths and add other services.

## Host volume mounts and notebook errors

If you are mounting a host directory as `/home/jovyan/work` in your container and you receive permission errors or connection errors when you create a notebook, be sure that the `jovyan` user (UID=1000 by default) has read/write access to the directory on the host. Alternatively, specify the UID of the `jovyan` user on container startup using the `-e NB_UID` option described in the [Common Features, Docker Options section](../using/common.html#Docker-Options)

Ref: [https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/199](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/199)

## JupyterHub

We also have contributed recipes for using JupyterHub.

### Use JupyterHub's dockerspawner

In most cases for use with DockerSpawner, given any image that already has a notebook stack set up, you would only need to add:

1. install the jupyterhub-singleuser script (for the right Python) 
2. change the command to launch the single-user server

Swapping out the `FROM` line in the `jupyterhub/singleuser` Dockerfile should be enough for most cases.

Credit: [Justin Tyberg](https://github.com/jtyberg), [quanghoc](https://github.com/quanghoc), and [Min RK](https://github.com/minrk) based on [docker-stacks/issues/124](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/124) and [docker-stacks/pull/185](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/pull/185)

### Containers with a specific version of JupyterHub

To use a specific version of JupyterHub, the version of `jupyterhub` in your image should match the version in the Hub itself.

```
FROM  jupyter/base-notebook:5ded1de07260
RUN pip install jupyterhub==0.8.0b1
```

Credit: [MinRK](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/423#issuecomment-322767742)


Ref: [https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/177](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/177)

## Spark

A few suggestions have been made regarding using Docker Stacks with spark.

### Using PySpark with AWS S3

```
import os
os.environ['PYSPARK_SUBMIT_ARGS'] = '--packages com.amazonaws:aws-java-sdk:1.10.34,org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-aws:2.6.0 pyspark-shell'

import pyspark
sc = pyspark.SparkContext("local[*]")

from pyspark.sql import SQLContext
sqlContext = SQLContext(sc)

hadoopConf = sc._jsc.hadoopConfiguration()
myAccessKey = input() 
mySecretKey = input()
hadoopConf.set("fs.s3.impl", "org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3native.NativeS3FileSystem")
hadoopConf.set("fs.s3.awsAccessKeyId", myAccessKey)
hadoopConf.set("fs.s3.awsSecretAccessKey", mySecretKey)

df = sqlContext.read.parquet("s3://myBucket/myKey")
```

Ref: [https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/127](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/127)

### Using Local Spark JARs

```
import os
os.environ['PYSPARK_SUBMIT_ARGS'] = '--jars /home/jovyan/spark-streaming-kafka-assembly_2.10-1.6.1.jar pyspark-shell'
import pyspark
from pyspark.streaming.kafka import KafkaUtils
from pyspark.streaming import StreamingContext
sc = pyspark.SparkContext()
ssc = StreamingContext(sc,1)
broker = "<my_broker_ip>"
directKafkaStream = KafkaUtils.createDirectStream(ssc, ["test1"], {"metadata.broker.list": broker})
directKafkaStream.pprint()
ssc.start()
```

Ref: [https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/154](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/154)

### Using spark-packages.org

If you'd like to use packages from [spark-packages.org](https://spark-packages.org/), see [https://gist.github.com/parente/c95fdaba5a9a066efaab](https://gist.github.com/parente/c95fdaba5a9a066efaab) for an example of how to specify the package identifier in the environment before creating a SparkContext.

Ref: [https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/43](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/43)

### Use jupyter/all-spark-notebooks with an existing Spark/YARN cluster

```
FROM jupyter/all-spark-notebook

# Set env vars for pydoop
ENV HADOOP_HOME /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.3
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
ENV HADOOP_CONF_HOME /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.3/etc/hadoop
ENV HADOOP_CONF_DIR  /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.3/etc/hadoop

USER root
# Add proper open-jdk-8 not just the jre, needed for pydoop
RUN echo 'deb http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian jessie-backports main' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jessie-backports.list && \
    apt-get -y update && \
    apt-get install --no-install-recommends -t jessie-backports -y openjdk-8-jdk && \
    rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jessie-backports.list && \
    apt-get clean && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/ && \
# Add hadoop binaries
    wget http://mirrors.ukfast.co.uk/sites/ftp.apache.org/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.7.3/hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz && \
    tar -xvf hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local && \
    chown -R $NB_USER:users /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.3 && \
    rm -f hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz && \
# Install os dependencies required for pydoop, pyhive
    apt-get update && \
    apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y build-essential python-dev libsasl2-dev && \
    apt-get clean && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
# Remove the example hadoop configs and replace
# with those for our cluster.
# Alternatively this could be mounted as a volume
    rm -f /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.3/etc/hadoop/*

# Download this from ambari / cloudera manager and copy here
COPY example-hadoop-conf/ /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.3/etc/hadoop/

# Spark-Submit doesn't work unless I set the following
RUN echo "spark.driver.extraJavaOptions -Dhdp.version=2.5.3.0-37" >> /usr/local/spark/conf/spark-defaults.conf  && \
    echo "spark.yarn.am.extraJavaOptions -Dhdp.version=2.5.3.0-37" >> /usr/local/spark/conf/spark-defaults.conf && \
    echo "spark.master=yarn" >>  /usr/local/spark/conf/spark-defaults.conf && \
    echo "spark.hadoop.yarn.timeline-service.enabled=false" >> /usr/local/spark/conf/spark-defaults.conf && \
    chown -R $NB_USER:users /usr/local/spark/conf/spark-defaults.conf && \
    # Create an alternative HADOOP_CONF_HOME so we can mount as a volume and repoint
    # using ENV var if needed
    mkdir -p /etc/hadoop/conf/ && \
    chown $NB_USER:users /etc/hadoop/conf/

USER $NB_USER

# Install useful jupyter extensions and python libraries like :
# - Dashboards
# - PyDoop
# - PyHive
RUN pip install jupyter_dashboards faker && \
    jupyter dashboards quick-setup --sys-prefix && \
    pip2 install pyhive pydoop thrift sasl thrift_sasl faker

USER root
# Ensure we overwrite the kernel config so that toree connects to cluster
RUN jupyter toree install --sys-prefix --spark_opts="--master yarn --deploy-mode client --driver-memory 512m  --executor-memory 512m  --executor-cores 1 --driver-java-options -Dhdp.version=2.5.3.0-37 --conf spark.hadoop.yarn.timeline-service.enabled=false"
USER $NB_USER
```

Credit: [britishbadger](https://github.com/britishbadger) from [docker-stacks/issues/369](https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/issues/369)