diff --git a/docs/source/_static/rest-api.yml b/docs/source/_static/rest-api.yml
index ed71a909..4f9e5d84 100644
--- a/docs/source/_static/rest-api.yml
+++ b/docs/source/_static/rest-api.yml
@@ -139,6 +139,16 @@ paths:
             If unspecified, use api_page_default_limit.
           schema:
             type: number
+        - name: include_stopped_servers
+          in: query
+          description: |
+            Include stopped servers in user model(s).
+            Added in JupyterHub 3.0.
+            Allows retrieval of information about stopped servers,
+            such as activity and state fields.
+          schema:
+            type: boolean
+          allowEmptyValue: true
       responses:
         200:
           description: The Hub's user list
@@ -1160,7 +1170,11 @@ components:
           format: date-time
         servers:
           type: array
-          description: The active servers for this user.
+          description: |
+            The servers for this user.
+            By default: only includes _active_ servers.
+            Changed in 3.0: if `?include_stopped_servers` parameter is specified,
+            stopped servers will be included as well.
           items:
             $ref: "#/components/schemas/Server"
         auth_state:
@@ -1182,6 +1196,15 @@ components:
           description: |
             Whether the server is ready for traffic.
             Will always be false when any transition is pending.
+        stopped:
+          type: boolean
+          description: |
+            Whether the server is stopped. Added in JupyterHub 3.0,
+            and only useful when using the `?include_stopped_servers`
+            request parameter.
+            Now that stopped servers may be included (since JupyterHub 3.0),
+            this is the simplest way to select stopped servers.
+            Always equivalent to `not (ready or pending)`.
         pending:
           type: string
           description: |
diff --git a/jsx/src/App.jsx b/jsx/src/App.jsx
index ab592e1d..49058604 100644
--- a/jsx/src/App.jsx
+++ b/jsx/src/App.jsx
@@ -22,15 +22,16 @@ const store = createStore(reducers, initialState);
 const App = () => {
   useEffect(() => {
     let { limit, user_page, groups_page } = initialState;
-    jhapiRequest(`/users?offset=${user_page * limit}&limit=${limit}`, "GET")
-      .then((data) => data.json())
+    let api = withAPI()().props;
+    api
+      .updateUsers(user_page * limit, limit)
       .then((data) =>
         store.dispatch({ type: "USER_PAGE", value: { data: data, page: 0 } })
       )
       .catch((err) => console.log(err));
 
-    jhapiRequest(`/groups?offset=${groups_page * limit}&limit=${limit}`, "GET")
-      .then((data) => data.json())
+    api
+      .updateGroups(groups_page * limit, limit)
       .then((data) =>
         store.dispatch({ type: "GROUPS_PAGE", value: { data: data, page: 0 } })
       )
diff --git a/jsx/src/util/withAPI.js b/jsx/src/util/withAPI.js
index 1e6f680e..198d3387 100644
--- a/jsx/src/util/withAPI.js
+++ b/jsx/src/util/withAPI.js
@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ import { jhapiRequest } from "./jhapiUtil";
 const withAPI = withProps(() => ({
   updateUsers: (offset, limit, name_filter) =>
     jhapiRequest(
-      `/users?offset=${offset}&limit=${limit}&name_filter=${name_filter || ""}`,
+      `/users?include_stopped_servers&offset=${offset}&limit=${limit}&name_filter=${
+        name_filter || ""
+      }`,
       "GET"
     ).then((data) => data.json()),
   updateGroups: (offset, limit) =>
diff --git a/jupyterhub/apihandlers/base.py b/jupyterhub/apihandlers/base.py
index b6ccb4e8..88844cb5 100644
--- a/jupyterhub/apihandlers/base.py
+++ b/jupyterhub/apihandlers/base.py
@@ -187,22 +187,44 @@ class APIHandler(BaseHandler):
             json.dumps({'status': status_code, 'message': message or status_message})
         )
 
-    def server_model(self, spawner):
+    def server_model(self, spawner, *, user=None):
         """Get the JSON model for a Spawner
-        Assume server permission already granted"""
+        Assume server permission already granted
+        """
+        if isinstance(spawner, orm.Spawner):
+            # if an orm.Spawner is passed,
+            # create a model for a stopped Spawner
+            # not all info is available without the higher-level Spawner wrapper
+            orm_spawner = spawner
+            pending = None
+            ready = False
+            stopped = True
+            user = user
+            if user is None:
+                raise RuntimeError("Must specify User with orm.Spawner")
+            state = orm_spawner.state
+        else:
+            orm_spawner = spawner.orm_spawner
+            pending = spawner.pending
+            ready = spawner.ready
+            user = spawner.user
+            stopped = not spawner.active
+            state = spawner.get_state()
+
         model = {
-            'name': spawner.name,
-            'last_activity': isoformat(spawner.orm_spawner.last_activity),
-            'started': isoformat(spawner.orm_spawner.started),
-            'pending': spawner.pending,
-            'ready': spawner.ready,
-            'url': url_path_join(spawner.user.url, url_escape_path(spawner.name), '/'),
+            'name': orm_spawner.name,
+            'last_activity': isoformat(orm_spawner.last_activity),
+            'started': isoformat(orm_spawner.started),
+            'pending': pending,
+            'ready': ready,
+            'stopped': stopped,
+            'url': url_path_join(user.url, url_escape_path(spawner.name), '/'),
             'user_options': spawner.user_options,
-            'progress_url': spawner._progress_url,
+            'progress_url': user.progress_url(spawner.name),
         }
         scope_filter = self.get_scope_filter('admin:server_state')
         if scope_filter(spawner, kind='server'):
-            model['state'] = spawner.get_state()
+            model['state'] = state
         return model
 
     def token_model(self, token):
@@ -248,10 +270,22 @@ class APIHandler(BaseHandler):
             keys.update(allowed_keys)
         return model
 
+    _include_stopped_servers = None
+
+    @property
+    def include_stopped_servers(self):
+        """Whether stopped servers should be included in user models"""
+        if self._include_stopped_servers is None:
+            self._include_stopped_servers = self.get_argument(
+                "include_stopped_servers", "0"
+            ).lower() not in {"0", "false"}
+        return self._include_stopped_servers
+
     def user_model(self, user):
         """Get the JSON model for a User object"""
         if isinstance(user, orm.User):
             user = self.users[user.id]
+        include_stopped_servers = self.include_stopped_servers
         model = {
             'kind': 'user',
             'name': user.name,
@@ -291,18 +325,29 @@ class APIHandler(BaseHandler):
             if '' in user.spawners and 'pending' in allowed_keys:
                 model['pending'] = user.spawners[''].pending
 
-            servers = model['servers'] = {}
+            servers = {}
             scope_filter = self.get_scope_filter('read:servers')
             for name, spawner in user.spawners.items():
                 # include 'active' servers, not just ready
                 # (this includes pending events)
-                if spawner.active and scope_filter(spawner, kind='server'):
+                if (spawner.active or include_stopped_servers) and scope_filter(
+                    spawner, kind='server'
+                ):
                     servers[name] = self.server_model(spawner)
-            if not servers and 'servers' not in allowed_keys:
+
+            if include_stopped_servers:
+                # add any stopped servers in the db
+                seen = set(servers.keys())
+                for name, orm_spawner in user.orm_spawners.items():
+                    if name not in seen and scope_filter(orm_spawner, kind='server'):
+                        servers[name] = self.server_model(orm_spawner, user=user)
+
+            if "servers" in allowed_keys or servers:
                 # omit servers if no access
                 # leave present and empty
                 # if request has access to read servers in general
-                model.pop('servers')
+                model["servers"] = servers
+
         return model
 
     def group_model(self, group):
diff --git a/jupyterhub/tests/test_named_servers.py b/jupyterhub/tests/test_named_servers.py
index 5751d7ff..8af29edf 100644
--- a/jupyterhub/tests/test_named_servers.py
+++ b/jupyterhub/tests/test_named_servers.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """Tests for named servers"""
 import asyncio
 import json
+import time
 from unittest import mock
 from urllib.parse import unquote, urlencode, urlparse
 
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ async def test_default_server(app, named_servers):
                     'url': user.url,
                     'pending': None,
                     'ready': True,
+                    'stopped': False,
                     'progress_url': 'PREFIX/hub/api/users/{}/server/progress'.format(
                         username
                     ),
@@ -148,6 +150,7 @@ async def test_create_named_server(
                     'url': url_path_join(user.url, escapedname, '/'),
                     'pending': None,
                     'ready': True,
+                    'stopped': False,
                     'progress_url': 'PREFIX/hub/api/users/{}/servers/{}/progress'.format(
                         username, escapedname
                     ),
@@ -433,3 +436,61 @@ async def test_named_server_stop_server(app, username, named_servers):
     assert user.spawners[server_name].server is None
     assert user.spawners[''].server
     assert user.running
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "include_stopped_servers",
+    [True, False],
+)
+async def test_stopped_servers(app, user, named_servers, include_stopped_servers):
+    r = await api_request(app, 'users', user.name, 'server', method='post')
+    r.raise_for_status()
+    r = await api_request(app, 'users', user.name, 'servers', "named", method='post')
+    r.raise_for_status()
+
+    # wait for starts
+    for i in range(60):
+        r = await api_request(app, 'users', user.name)
+        r.raise_for_status()
+        user_model = r.json()
+        if not all(s["ready"] for s in user_model["servers"].values()):
+            time.sleep(1)
+        else:
+            break
+    else:
+        raise TimeoutError(f"User never stopped: {user_model}")
+
+    r = await api_request(app, 'users', user.name, 'server', method='delete')
+    r.raise_for_status()
+    r = await api_request(app, 'users', user.name, 'servers', "named", method='delete')
+    r.raise_for_status()
+
+    # wait for stops
+    for i in range(60):
+        r = await api_request(app, 'users', user.name)
+        r.raise_for_status()
+        user_model = r.json()
+        if not all(s["stopped"] for s in user_model["servers"].values()):
+            time.sleep(1)
+        else:
+            break
+    else:
+        raise TimeoutError(f"User never stopped: {user_model}")
+
+    # we have two stopped servers
+    path = f"users/{user.name}"
+    if include_stopped_servers:
+        path = f"{path}?include_stopped_servers"
+    r = await api_request(app, path)
+    r.raise_for_status()
+    user_model = r.json()
+    servers = list(user_model["servers"].values())
+    if include_stopped_servers:
+        assert len(servers) == 2
+        assert all(s["last_activity"] for s in servers)
+        assert all(s["started"] is None for s in servers)
+        assert all(s["stopped"] for s in servers)
+        assert not any(s["ready"] for s in servers)
+        assert not any(s["pending"] for s in servers)
+    else:
+        assert user_model["servers"] == {}