Bump to 2.0.0

Changelog for 2.0

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -190,3 +190,23 @@ jobs:
           platforms: linux/amd64
           push: true
           tags: ${{ join(fromJson(steps.demotags.outputs.tags)) }}
+
+      # jupyterhub/singleuser
+      - name: Get list of jupyterhub/singleuser tags
+        id: singleusertags
+        uses: jupyterhub/action-major-minor-tag-calculator@v2
+        with:
+          githubToken: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          prefix: "${{ env.REGISTRY }}jupyterhub/singleuser:"
+          defaultTag: "${{ env.REGISTRY }}jupyterhub/singleuser:noref"
+          branchRegex: ^\w[\w-.]*$
+
+      - name: Build and push jupyterhub/singleuser
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@e1b7f96249f2e4c8e4ac1519b9608c0d48944a1f # associated tag: v2.4.0
+        with:
+          build-args: |
+            JUPYTERHUB_VERSION=${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && github.ref_name || format('git:{0}', github.sha) }}
+          context: singleuser
+          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
+          push: true
+          tags: ${{ join(fromJson(steps.singleusertags.outputs.tags)) }}

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
-    rev: v2.29.0
+    rev: v2.29.1
     hooks:
       - id: pyupgrade
         args:
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: reorder-python-imports
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 21.10b0
+    rev: 21.11b1
     hooks:
       - id: black
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-prettier
-    rev: v2.4.1
+    rev: v2.5.0
     hooks:
       - id: prettier
   - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8

docs/source/_static/rest-api.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ info:
   description: The REST API for JupyterHub
   license:
     name: BSD-3-Clause
-  version: 2.0.0rc4
+  version: 2.0.0
 servers:
   - url: /hub/api
 security:

docs/source/admin/upgrading.rst

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-.. _admin/upgrading:
-
 ====================
 Upgrading JupyterHub
 ====================

docs/source/conf.py

@@ -205,7 +205,10 @@ epub_exclude_files = ['search.html']
 
 # -- Intersphinx ----------------------------------------------------------
 
-intersphinx_mapping = {'https://docs.python.org/3/': None}
+intersphinx_mapping = {
+    'python': ('https://docs.python.org/3/', None),
+    'tornado': ('https://www.tornadoweb.org/en/stable/', None),
+}
 
 # -- Read The Docs --------------------------------------------------------
 

docs/source/reference/api-only.md

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+(api-only)=
+
+# Deploying JupyterHub in "API only mode"
+
+As a service for deploying and managing Jupyter servers for users, JupyterHub
+exposes this functionality _primarily_ via a [REST API](rest).
+For convenience, JupyterHub also ships with a _basic_ web UI built using that REST API.
+The basic web UI enables users to click a button to quickly start and stop their servers,
+and it lets admins perform some basic user and server management tasks.
+
+The REST API has always provided additional functionality beyond what is available in the basic web UI.
+Similarly, we avoid implementing UI functionality that is also not available via the API.
+With JupyterHub 2.0, the basic web UI will **always** be composed using the REST API.
+In other words, no UI pages should rely on information not available via the REST API.
+Previously, some admin UI functionality could only be achieved via admin pages,
+such as paginated requests.
+
+## Limited UI customization via templates
+
+The JupyterHub UI is customizable via extensible HTML [templates](templates),
+but this has some limited scope to what can be customized.
+Adding some content and messages to existing pages is well supported,
+but changing the page flow and what pages are available are beyond the scope of what is customizable.
+
+## Rich UI customization with REST API based apps
+
+Increasingly, JupyterHub is used purely as an API for managing Jupyter servers
+for other Jupyter-based applications that might want to present a different user experience.
+If you want a fully customized user experience,
+you can now disable the Hub UI and use your own pages together with the JupyterHub REST API
+to build your own web application to serve your users,
+relying on the Hub only as an API for managing users and servers.
+
+One example of such an application is [BinderHub][], which powers https://mybinder.org,
+and motivates many of these changes.
+
+BinderHub is distinct from a traditional JupyterHub deployment
+because it uses temporary users created for each launch.
+Instead of presenting a login page,
+users are presented with a form to specify what environment they would like to launch:
+
+![Binder launch form](../images/binderhub-form.png)
+
+When a launch is requested:
+
+1. an image is built, if necessary
+2. a temporary user is created,
+3. a server is launched for that user, and
+4. when running, users are redirected to an already running server with an auth token in the URL
+5. after the session is over, the user is deleted
+
+This means that a lot of JupyterHub's UI flow doesn't make sense:
+
+- there is no way for users to login
+- the human user doesn't map onto a JupyterHub `User` in a meaningful way
+- when a server isn't running, there isn't a 'restart your server' action available because the user has been deleted
+- users do not have any access to any Hub functionality, so presenting pages for those features would be confusing
+
+BinderHub is one of the motivating use cases for JupyterHub supporting being used _only_ via its API.
+We'll use BinderHub here as an example of various configuration options.
+
+[binderhub]: https://binderhub.readthedocs.io
+
+## Disabling Hub UI
+
+`c.JupyterHub.hub_routespec` is a configuration option to specify which URL prefix should be routed to the Hub.
+The default is `/` which means that the Hub will receive all requests not already specified to be routed somewhere else.
+
+There are three values that are most logical for `hub_routespec`:
+
+- `/` - this is the default, and used in most deployments.
+  It is also the only option prior to JupyterHub 1.4.
+- `/hub/` - this serves only Hub pages, both UI and API
+- `/hub/api` - this serves _only the Hub API_, so all Hub UI is disabled,
+  aside from the OAuth confirmation page, if used.
+
+If you choose a hub routespec other than `/`,
+the main JupyterHub feature you will lose is the automatic handling of requests for `/user/:username`
+when the requested server is not running.
+
+JupyterHub's handling of this request shows this page,
+telling you that the server is not running,
+with a button to launch it again:
+
+![screenshot of hub page for server not running](../images/server-not-running.png)
+
+If you set `hub_routespec` to something other than `/`,
+it is likely that you also want to register another destination for `/` to handle requests to not-running servers.
+If you don't, you will see a default 404 page from the proxy:
+
+![screenshot of CHP default 404](../images/chp-404.png)
+
+For mybinder.org, the default "start my server" page doesn't make sense,
+because when a server is gone, there is no restart action.
+Instead, we provide hints about how to get back to a link to start a _new_ server:
+
+![screenshot of mybinder.org 404](../images/binder-404.png)
+
+To achieve this, mybinder.org registers a route for `/` that goes to a custom endpoint
+that runs nginx and only serves this static HTML error page.
+This is set with
+
+```python
+c.Proxy.extra_routes = {
+    "/": "http://custom-404-entpoint/",
+}
+```
+
+You may want to use an alternate behavior, such as redirecting to a landing page,
+or taking some other action based on the requested page.
+
+If you use `c.JupyterHub.hub_routespec = "/hub/"`,
+then all the Hub pages will be available,
+and only this default-page-404 issue will come up.
+
+If you use `c.JupyterHub.hub_routespec = "/hub/api/"`,
+then only the Hub _API_ will be available,
+and all UI will be up to you.
+mybinder.org takes this last option,
+because none of the Hub UI pages really make sense.
+Binder users don't have any reason to know or care that JupyterHub happens
+to be an implementation detail of how their environment is managed.
+Seeing Hub error pages and messages in that situation is more likely to be confusing than helpful.
+
+:::{versionadded} 1.4
+
+`c.JupyterHub.hub_routespec` and `c.Proxy.extra_routes` are new in JupyterHub 1.4.
+:::

docs/source/reference/index.rst

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ what happens under-the-hood when you deploy and configure your JupyterHub.
    monitoring
    database
    templates
+   api-only
    ../events/index
    config-user-env
    config-examples

docs/source/reference/rest.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+(rest-api)=
+
 # Using JupyterHub's REST API
 
 This section will give you information on:

docs/source/reference/services.md

@@ -1,17 +1,5 @@
 # Services
 
-With version 0.7, JupyterHub adds support for **Services**.
-
-This section provides the following information about Services:
-
-- [Definition of a Service](#definition-of-a-service)
-- [Properties of a Service](#properties-of-a-service)
-- [Hub-Managed Services](#hub-managed-services)
-- [Launching a Hub-Managed Service](#launching-a-hub-managed-service)
-- [Externally-Managed Services](#externally-managed-services)
-- [Writing your own Services](#writing-your-own-services)
-- [Hub Authentication and Services](#hub-authentication-and-services)
-
 ## Definition of a Service
 
 When working with JupyterHub, a **Service** is defined as a process that interacts
@@ -115,6 +103,8 @@ parameters, which describe the environment needed to start the Service process:
 
 The Hub will pass the following environment variables to launch the Service:
 
+(service-env)=
+
 ```bash
 JUPYTERHUB_SERVICE_NAME:   The name of the service
 JUPYTERHUB_API_TOKEN:      API token assigned to the service
@@ -196,18 +186,38 @@ extra slash you might get unexpected behavior. For example if your service has a
 
 ## Hub Authentication and Services
 
-JupyterHub 0.7 introduces some utilities for using the Hub's authentication
+JupyterHub provides some utilities for using the Hub's authentication
-mechanism to govern access to your service. When a user logs into JupyterHub,
+mechanism to govern access to your service.
-the Hub sets a **cookie (`jupyterhub-services`)**. The service can use this
-cookie to authenticate requests.
 
-JupyterHub ships with a reference implementation of Hub authentication that
+Requests to all JupyterHub services are made with OAuth tokens.
+These can either be requests with a token in the `Authorization` header,
+or url parameter `?token=...`,
+or browser requests which must complete the OAuth authorization code flow,
+which results in a token that should be persisted for future requests
+(persistence is up to the service,
+but an encrypted cookie confined to the service path is appropriate,
+and provided by default).
+
+:::{versionchanged} 2.0
+The shared `jupyterhub-services` cookie is removed.
+OAuth must be used to authenticate browser requests with services.
+:::
+
+JupyterHub includes a reference implementation of Hub authentication that
 can be used by services. You may go beyond this reference implementation and
 create custom hub-authenticating clients and services. We describe the process
 below.
 
 The reference, or base, implementation is the [`HubAuth`][hubauth] class,
-which implements the requests to the Hub.
+which implements the API requests to the Hub that resolve a token to a User model.
+
+There are two levels of authentication with the Hub:
+
+- [`HubAuth`][hubauth] - the most basic authentication,
+  for services that should only accept API requests authorized with a token.
+
+- [`HubOAuth`][huboauth] - For services that should use oauth to authenticate with the Hub.
+  This should be used for any service that serves pages that should be visited with a browser.
 
 To use HubAuth, you must set the `.api_token`, either programmatically when constructing the class,
 or via the `JUPYTERHUB_API_TOKEN` environment variable.
@@ -250,18 +260,17 @@ for more details.
 ### Authenticating tornado services with JupyterHub
 
 Since most Jupyter services are written with tornado,
-we include a mixin class, [`HubAuthenticated`][hubauthenticated],
+we include a mixin class, [`HubOAuthenticated`][huboauthenticated],
 for quickly authenticating your own tornado services with JupyterHub.
 
-Tornado's `@web.authenticated` method calls a Handler's `.get_current_user`
+Tornado's {py:func}`~.tornado.web.authenticated` decorator calls a Handler's {py:meth}`~.tornado.web.RequestHandler.get_current_user`
-method to identify the user. Mixing in `HubAuthenticated` defines
+method to identify the user. Mixing in {class}`.HubAuthenticated` defines
-`get_current_user` to use HubAuth. If you want to configure the HubAuth
+{meth}`~.HubAuthenticated.get_current_user` to use HubAuth. If you want to configure the HubAuth
-instance beyond the default, you'll want to define an `initialize` method,
+instance beyond the default, you'll want to define an {py:meth}`~.tornado.web.RequestHandler.initialize` method,
 such as:
 
 ```python
-class MyHandler(HubAuthenticated, web.RequestHandler):
+class MyHandler(HubOAuthenticated, web.RequestHandler):
-    hub_users = {'inara', 'mal'}
 
     def initialize(self, hub_auth):
         self.hub_auth = hub_auth
@@ -271,14 +280,21 @@ class MyHandler(HubAuthenticated, web.RequestHandler):
         ...
 ```
 
-The HubAuth will automatically load the desired configuration from the Service
+The HubAuth class will automatically load the desired configuration from the Service
-environment variables.
+[environment variables](service-env).
 
-If you want to limit user access, you can specify allowed users through either the
+:::{versionchanged} 2.0
-`.hub_users` attribute or `.hub_groups`. These are sets that check against the
+
-username and user group list, respectively. If a user matches neither the user
+Access scopes are used to govern access to services.
-list nor the group list, they will not be allowed access. If both are left
+Prior to 2.0,
-undefined, then any user will be allowed.
+sets of users and groups could be used to grant access
+by defining `.hub_groups` or `.hub_users` on the authenticated handler.
+These are ignored if the 2.0 `.hub_scopes` is defined.
+:::
+
+:::{seealso}
+{meth}`.HubAuth.check_scopes`
+:::
 
 ### Implementing your own Authentication with JupyterHub
 
@@ -354,9 +370,11 @@ section on securing the notebook viewer.
 
 [requests]: http://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/
 [services_auth]: ../api/services.auth.html
+[hubauth]: ../api/services.auth.html#jupyterhub.services.auth.HubAuth
 [huboauth]: ../api/services.auth.html#jupyterhub.services.auth.HubOAuth
 [hubauth.user_for_token]: ../api/services.auth.html#jupyterhub.services.auth.HubAuth.user_for_token
 [hubauthenticated]: ../api/services.auth.html#jupyterhub.services.auth.HubAuthenticated
+[huboauthenticated]: ../api/services.auth.html#jupyterhub.services.auth.HubOAuthenticated
 [nbviewer example]: https://github.com/jupyter/nbviewer#securing-the-notebook-viewer
 [fastapi example]: https://github.com/jupyterhub/jupyterhub/tree/HEAD/examples/service-fastapi
 [fastapi]: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com

jupyterhub/_version.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
 # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
 # version_info updated by running `tbump`
-version_info = (2, 0, 0, "rc4", "")
+version_info = (2, 0, 0, "", "")
 
 # pep 440 version: no dot before beta/rc, but before .dev
 # 0.1.0rc1

jupyterhub/services/auth.py

@@ -3,10 +3,24 @@
 Tokens are sent to the Hub for verification.
 The Hub replies with a JSON model describing the authenticated user.
 
-``HubAuth`` can be used in any application, even outside tornado.
+This contains two levels of authentication:
 
-``HubAuthenticated`` is a mixin class for tornado handlers that should
+- :class:`HubOAuth` - Use OAuth 2 to authenticate browsers with the Hub.
-authenticate with the Hub.
+  This should be used for any service that should respond to browser requests
+  (i.e. most services).
+
+- :class:`HubAuth` - token-only authentication, for a service that only need to handle token-authenticated API requests
+
+The ``Auth`` classes (:class:`HubAuth`, :class:`HubOAuth`)
+can be used in any application, even outside tornado.
+They contain reference implementations of talking to the Hub API
+to resolve a token to a user.
+
+The ``Authenticated`` classes (:class:`HubAuthenticated`, :class:`HubOAuthenticated`)
+are mixins for tornado handlers that should authenticate with the Hub.
+
+If you are using OAuth, you will also need to register an oauth callback handler to complete the oauth process.
+A tornado implementation is provided in :class:`HubOAuthCallbackHandler`.
 
 """
 import base64
@@ -212,6 +226,7 @@ class HubAuth(SingletonConfigurable):
         help="""The base API URL of the Hub.
 
         Typically `http://hub-ip:hub-port/hub/api`
+        Default: $JUPYTERHUB_API_URL
         """,
     ).tag(config=True)
 
@@ -227,7 +242,10 @@ class HubAuth(SingletonConfigurable):
         os.getenv('JUPYTERHUB_API_TOKEN', ''),
         help="""API key for accessing Hub API.
 
-        Generate with `jupyterhub token [username]` or add to JupyterHub.services config.
+        Default: $JUPYTERHUB_API_TOKEN
+
+        Loaded from services configuration in jupyterhub_config.
+        Will be auto-generated for hub-managed services.
         """,
     ).tag(config=True)
 
@@ -236,6 +254,7 @@ class HubAuth(SingletonConfigurable):
         help="""The URL prefix for the Hub itself.
 
         Typically /hub/
+        Default: $JUPYTERHUB_BASE_URL
         """,
     ).tag(config=True)
 
@@ -854,8 +873,6 @@ class HubAuthenticated:
     Examples::
 
         class MyHandler(HubAuthenticated, web.RequestHandler):
-            hub_users = {'inara', 'mal'}
-
             def initialize(self, hub_auth):
                 self.hub_auth = hub_auth
 
@@ -865,6 +882,7 @@ class HubAuthenticated:
 
     """
 
+    # deprecated, pre-2.0 allow sets
     hub_services = None  # set of allowed services
     hub_users = None  # set of allowed users
     hub_groups = None  # set of allowed groups
@@ -960,6 +978,10 @@ class HubAuthenticated:
                 raise UserNotAllowed(model)
 
         # proceed with the pre-2.0 way if hub_scopes is not set
+        warnings.warn(
+            "hub_scopes ($JUPYTERHUB not set, proceeding with pre-2.0 authentication",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
 
         if self.allow_admin and model.get('admin', False):
             app_log.debug("Allowing Hub admin %s", name)

pyproject.toml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ target_version = [
 github_url = "https://github.com/jupyterhub/jupyterhub"
 
 [tool.tbump.version]
-current = "2.0.0rc4"
+current = "2.0.0"
 
 # Example of a semver regexp.
 # Make sure this matches current_version before

singleuser/Dockerfile

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ FROM $BASE_IMAGE
 MAINTAINER Project Jupyter <jupyter@googlegroups.com>
 
 ADD install_jupyterhub /tmp/install_jupyterhub
-ARG JUPYTERHUB_VERSION=main
+ARG JUPYTERHUB_VERSION=git:HEAD
-# install pinned jupyterhub and ensure jupyterlab is installed
+# install pinned jupyterhub
-RUN python3 /tmp/install_jupyterhub && \
+RUN python3 /tmp/install_jupyterhub
-    python3 -m pip install jupyterlab

singleuser/hooks/build

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -ex
-
-docker build --build-arg JUPYTERHUB_VERSION=$DOCKER_TAG -t $DOCKER_REPO:$DOCKER_TAG .

singleuser/hooks/post_push

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-set -ex
-
-function get_hub_version() {
-  rm -f hub_version
-  V=$1
-  docker run --rm -v $PWD:/version -u $(id -u) -i $DOCKER_REPO:$DOCKER_TAG sh -c 'jupyterhub --version > /version/hub_version'
-  hub_xyz=$(cat hub_version)
-  split=( ${hub_xyz//./ } )
-  hub_xy="${split[0]}.${split[1]}"
-  # add .dev on hub_xy so it's 1.0.dev
-  if [[ ! -z "${split[3]:-}" ]]; then
-    hub_xy="${hub_xy}.${split[3]}"
-  fi
-}
-# tag e.g. 0.9 with main
-get_hub_version
-docker tag $DOCKER_REPO:$DOCKER_TAG $DOCKER_REPO:$hub_xy
-docker push $DOCKER_REPO:$hub_xy
-docker tag $DOCKER_REPO:$DOCKER_TAG $DOCKER_REPO:$hub_xyz
-docker push $DOCKER_REPO:$hub_xyz

singleuser/install_jupyterhub

@@ -3,19 +3,22 @@ import os
 from subprocess import check_call
 import sys
 
-V = os.environ['JUPYTERHUB_VERSION']
+version = os.environ['JUPYTERHUB_VERSION']
 
 pip_install = [
-    sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install', '--no-cache', '--upgrade',
+    sys.executable,
-    '--upgrade-strategy', 'only-if-needed',
+    '-m',
+    'pip',
+    'install',
+    '--no-cache',
+    '--upgrade',
+    '--upgrade-strategy',
+    'only-if-needed',
 ]
-if V in {'main', 'HEAD'}:
+if version.startswith("git:"):
-    req = 'https://github.com/jupyterhub/jupyterhub/archive/HEAD.tar.gz'
+    ref = version.partition(":")[-1]
+    req = f"https://github.com/jupyterhub/jupyterhub/archive/{ref}.tar.gz"
 else:
-    version_info = [ int(part) for part in V.split('.') ]
+    req = f"jupyterhub=={version}"
-    version_info[-1] += 1
-    upper_bound = '.'.join(map(str, version_info))
-    vs = '>=%s,<%s' % (V, upper_bound)
-    req = 'jupyterhub%s' % vs
 
 check_call(pip_install + [req])